Ultrastructure of vegetative cells and resting cysts, and live observations of the encystation and excystation processes in Diophrys oligothrix Borror, 1965 (Protista, Ciliophora).
Ultrastructure of vegetative cells and resting cysts, and live observations of the encystation and excystation processes in Diophrys oligothrix Borror, 1965 (Protista, Ciliophora).
复制标题
营养细胞和休眠囊肿的超微结构，以及 Diophrysoligothrix Borror 的包囊和脱囊过程的实时观察，1965（Protista，Ciliophora）。
DOI：
10.1002/jmor.20851
复制
发表时间：
2018
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Ni Bing
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gong Zhi-Wei;Fan Xin-Peng;Ma Rui;Ni Bing
纤毛虫原生动物可以形成包囊以抵抗不利的环境条件，然后当环境条件变得有利时脱囊。本研究利用电子显微镜和光学显微镜观察了寡丝Diophrys oligothrix营养细胞和休眠包囊的结构，以及包囊和脱囊的过程。首次在Diophrys属植物中发现了表膜下的壶腹，其外泌体类型在Diophrys种间存在差异。在细胞质中，在细胞咽周围的表膜下方发现了不同形状的膜包装盘，并被成排的微管单位分开。在圆盘下方，还检测到一些双层微管结构。在包囊形成过程中，腹侧纤毛被折叠在细胞的腹侧腔中，尾侧纤毛直接缩回到囊内背侧的单独腔中。在静止的囊肿中，发生了高自噬活性，可能包括膜包装盘和安瓿的消化。两个大核结节保持基本形状，但在切片中观察到染色质聚集和融合区。囊壁分为外囊和内囊两层。在成熟的包囊中，可见基底体和睫状体，表明D.少刺形成非动粒吸收性囊肿脱囊的过程发生在两种模式，无论是有或没有参与的收缩泡。
Ciliated protists can form cysts to resist unfavorable environmental conditions and then excyst when environmental conditions become favorable. This study used electron and light microscopy to investigate the structure of vegetative cells and resting cysts, as well as the encysting and excysting processes ofDiophrys oligothrix. For the first time, ampules were revealed beneath the pellicle in the genusDiophrys, and their extrusome types differed betweenDiophrysspecies. Membrane‐packed discs of diverse shapes were found in the cytoplasm just beneath the pellicle around the cytopharynx and were separated by rows of microtubule units. Beneath the discs, some double‐layer microtubule structures were detected as well. During encystment, the ventral ciliature was folded in a ventral cavity of the cell, and the caudal cirri were retracted directly into the cyst in a separate cavity on the dorsal side. In the resting cysts, high autophagic activity occurred, possibly including digestion of membrane‐packed discs and ampules. Two macronuclear nodules kept their basic shape, although the chromatin aggregation and fusion region were observed in ultrathin sections. The cyst wall contained two layers, namely, the ectocyst, and endocyst. In mature cysts, basal bodies and ciliary shafts were observed, demonstrating thatD. oligothrixforms non‐kinetosome‐resorbing cysts. The process of excystment occurred in two modes, either with or without participation of a contractile vacuole.