Cube search, revisited.
Cube search, revisited.
复制标题
立方体搜索，重新审视。
DOI：
10.1167/15.3.9
复制
发表时间：
2015
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
Rosenholtz,Ruth
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Zhang,Xuetao;Huang,Jie;Yigit-Elliott,Serap;Rosenholtz,Ruth
观察者可以快速地在阴影立方体中搜索从独特方向发光的立方体。然而，用看起来不是3-D形状的类似2-D图案来替换立方体，搜索难度会增加。这些结果对视觉搜索和注意力模式提出了挑战。我们证明，立方体搜索显示不同于那些“等价的”2-D搜索项目，在相当低级别的图像统计的信息量方面。这种信息性预测有目标存在的斑块和没有目标的斑块的外围可区分性，这反过来又预测在广泛的条件下的视觉搜索性能。将模型在许多经典搜索任务上的性能进行比较，多维数据集搜索似乎并不出人意料地容易。简单的立方体搜索本身并不能为预先计算3-D场景属性提供证据。然而，旋转和/或翻转立方体搜索显示导致的搜索不对称不能用我们当前图像统计集合中的信息来解释。这可能只是表明有必要修改该模型的2-D图像统计集。或者，为预先计算3-D场景属性提供证据的立方体搜索可能很困难。通过将2-D亮度变化归因于阴影的3-D形状，3-D场景理解可能减慢对目标的2-D特征的搜索。
Observers can quickly search among shaded cubes for one lit from a unique direction. However, replace the cubes with similar 2-D patterns that do not appear to have a 3-D shape, and search difficulty increases. These results have challenged models of visual search and attention. We demonstrate that cube search displays differ from those with “equivalent” 2-D search items in terms of the informativeness of fairly low-level image statistics. This informativeness predicts peripheral discriminability of target-present from target-absent patches, which in turn predicts visual search performance, across a wide range of conditions. Comparing model performance on a number of classic search tasks, cube search does not appear unexpectedly easy. Easy cube search, per se, does not provide evidence for preattentive computation of 3-D scene properties. However, search asymmetries derived from rotating and/or flipping the cube search displays cannot be explained by the information in our current set of image statistics. This may merely suggest a need to modify the model's set of 2-D image statistics. Alternatively, it may be difficult cube search that provides evidence for preattentive computation of 3-D scene properties. By attributing 2-D luminance variations to a shaded 3-D shape, 3-D scene understanding may slow search for 2-D features of the target.