Increasing confidence in remote autobiographical memory and general knowledge: Extensions of the revelation effect
Increasing confidence in remote autobiographical memory and general knowledge: Extensions of the revelation effect
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DOI：
10.3758/bf03194943
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发表时间：
2002-04-01
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Loftus, EF
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bernstein, DM;Whittlesea, BWA;Loftus, EF
在识别测试中，以不寻常的方式呈现的物品(例如，退化的、分阶段显现的或呈现为字谜的)通常比完好无损的物品更容易被判断为旧物品。这种启示效应只在关于相对较新事件的发生或频率的情景判断中观察到，本工作扩展了这种效应的边界条件。在三个实验中，受试者在回答有关他们童年的问题(例如，打碎了一个打球的德姆尼沃)或回答与世界知识有关的问题(例如，最快的动物--灵长类)的背景下解读字谜。在每一种情况下，都观察到了启示效应：解决字谜增加了人们对遥远的自传体记忆和对世界事实的记忆的信心。这些结果反驳了这种效应是一种情节记忆现象的说法，并挑战了对启示效应的现有解释。
In recognition tests, items presented in unusual ways (e.g., degraded, revealed in stages, or presented as anagrams) are often judged to be old more than are intact items. This revelation effect has been observed only in episodic judgments about the occurrence or frequency of relatively recent events, The present work extends the boundary conditions of this effect. In three experiments, subjects unscrambled anagrams in the context of answering questions about their childhood (e.g., broke a dwniwo playing ball) or while answering questions pertaining to world knowledge (e.g.,fastest animal-elpraod). In each case, a revelation effect was observed: Solving an anagram increased confidence in remote autobiographical memories and in memory for world facts. These results contradict claims that the effect is an episodic memory phenomenon and challenge existing explanations of the revelation effect.