Pulse reshaping in photonic crystal waveguides and microcavities with Kerr nonlinearity: Critical issues for all-optical switching
Pulse reshaping in photonic crystal waveguides and microcavities with Kerr nonlinearity: Critical issues for all-optical switching
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DOI：
10.1103/physreva.72.013807
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发表时间：
2005-07
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
D. Vujic;S. John
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
D. Vujic;S. John
我们描绘的关键问题，“控制光与光”的光子晶体（PC）波导耦合到克尔非线性微谐振器。这是由于（a）高品质Q因子腔固有的开关速度和开关强度阈值之间的基本权衡以及（B）这种腔响应于入射光脉冲的动态非线性振荡。使用时域有限差分模拟电磁脉冲传播，我们认为（i）一个非线性法布里-珀罗微谐振器（嵌入在PC波导）表现出窄的传输谐振和（ii）一个非线性点缺陷（侧耦合到PC波导）表现出窄的反射谱。我们描述了自诱导开关从传输到反射诱导的脉冲强度调谐以及控制脉冲传输诱导的二次，连续（CW）激光场传播通过相同的PC波导。对于法布里-珀罗微谐振器，得到了一个定义明确的自开关阈值。然而，这伴随着由微谐振器的振荡非线性响应引起的脉冲的相当大的时间和频谱失真。当微谐振器的品质因数增加时，开关强度阈值可以降低，但脉冲渡越（开关）时间和脉冲失真增加。对于侧面耦合微谐振器，获得了作为入射强度的函数的渐进（而不是尖锐）自切换行为。对于Fabry-Perot和侧面耦合非线性微谐振腔，可以通过二次连续激光场实现脉冲传输的控制。具有实际克尔非线性的开关所需的cw功率超过1 W/{mu}m{sup 2}，并且可能对半导体PC骨干造成光学损坏。瞬时和非瞬时克尔响应模型被认为是。我们的研究结果强调的限制和权衡固有的可能控制光与光使用克尔非线性微谐振器。«少
We delineate critical issues for 'controlling light with light' in photonic crystal (PC) waveguides coupled to Kerr-nonlinear microresonators. These arise from (a) fundamental trade-off between switching speed and switching intensity threshold inherent in high-quality Q-factor cavities and (b) the dynamical nonlinear oscillation of such cavities in response to incident light pulses. Using finite-difference time-domain simulations of electromagnetic pulse propagation, we consider both (i) a nonlinear Fabry-Perot microresonator (embedded within a PC waveguide) exhibiting a narrow transmission resonance and (ii) a nonlinear point defect (side-coupled to a PC waveguide) exhibiting a narrow reflection spectrum. We describe self-induced switching from transmission to reflection induced by pulse intensity tuning as well as control of pulse transmission induced by the secondary, continuous (cw) laser field propagating through the same PC waveguide. For the Fabry-Perot microresonator, a well-defined self-switching threshold is obtained. However, this is accompanied by considerable temporal and spectral distortion of the pulse caused by the oscillatory nonlinear response of the microresonator. When the quality factor of the microresonator is increased, the switching intensity threshold can be lowered but the pulse transit (switching) time and the pulse distortion are increased. For the side-coupled microresonator, a gradual (not sharp) self-switching behavior as a functionmore » of incident intensity is obtained. For both the Fabry-Perot and side-coupled nonlinear microresonators, control of pulse transmission can be achieved by means of a secondary cw laser field. The cw power required for switching with realistic Kerr nonlinearities is in excess of 1 W/{mu}m{sup 2} and may cause optical damage to the semiconducting PC backbone. Both instantaneous and noninstantaneous Kerr-response models are considered. Our results underscore the limitations and trade-offs inherent in the possible control of light with light using Kerr-nonlinear microresonators.« less