The Life History and Behavior of Limnophora riparia (Diptera:Muscidae), a Predator of Larval Black Flies
The Life History and Behavior of Limnophora riparia (Diptera:Muscidae), a Predator of Larval Black Flies
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黑蝇幼虫的捕食者水杨（双翅目：蝇科）的生活史和行为
DOI：
10.2307/1467826
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发表时间：
1988
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
R. Wotton
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
R. Merritt;R. Wotton
1986年，在英国肯特郡的一处湖口，对河滨水蚤Limnophora riparia(Fallén)的生活史和行为进行了研究。野外采集的成虫被送回实验室观察交配行为，并为饲养提供卵。实验室研究包括用河豚卵饲养成虫，并对幼虫的取食行为进行详细观察。描述了每个生活阶段，包括异常大的卵(1.8-2.4毫米长)和单态幼虫，这些卵具有侧翼，从三龄卵中孵化出来，准备开始捕食性生存。幼虫和蛹主要与苔藓有关，它们具有形态适应，以保持其在该底物中的位置。淡水鱼幼虫通常攻击其猎物的身体前半部分，如果不受干扰，继续去除和消化头部和身体的内容物，只保留角质层、营养周膜和肠道内容物完好无损。对底物样本进行了分析，以确定河豚及其主要猎物诺氏吸虫Simulium noelleri(Friederichs)及其相关无脊椎动物的种群密度变化。捕食者和猎物的生命周期在它们的发育过程中是同步的，这为捕食者在其幼虫的整个生命周期中提供了容易获得的食物。
The life history and behavior of Limnophora riparia (Fallén) were studied during 1986 at a lake outlet in Kent, England. Field-collected adults were returned to the laboratory for observation on mating behavior and to provide eggs for rearing. Laboratory studies involved rearing adults from eggs of L. riparia and included detailed observations on larval feeding behavior. Each life stage is described, including the unusually large egg (1.8-2.4 mm long) with lateral flanges, and the monomorphic larva which hatches from the egg as a third instar ready to begin a predatory existence. Larvae and pupae were found mainly associated with mosses; they have morphological adaptations to maintain their position in this substrate. Limnophora riparia larvae generally attack their prey on the anterior half of the body and, if undisturbed, proceed to remove and digest the contents of the head and body, leaving only the cuticle, peritrophic membrane, and gut contents intact. Substrate samples were analyzed to determine changes in population densities of L. riparia, its principal prey, Simulium noelleri (Friederichs), and the associated invertebrate fauna. The life cycles of the predator and prey were synchronized in their development, providing the predator with readily available food throughout its larval life.