Variation in body size in the giant rhinoceros beetle Trypoxylus dichotomus is mediated by maternal effects on egg size
Variation in body size in the giant rhinoceros beetle Trypoxylus dichotomus is mediated by maternal effects on egg size
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DOI：
10.1111/een.12205
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发表时间：
2015-08-01
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Kojima, Wataru
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Kojima, Wataru
1.昆虫卵的大小可以根据母体的大小或资源状况而变化，并且它可以通过确定初始资源水平来影响后代的体型。2.巨大的犀牛甲虫Trypoxylus dichotomus表现出相当大的变化，在身体大小，其中一些是由于在幼虫的食物（腐殖土）质量的变化，虽然大量的身体大小的变化仍然无法解释。在本研究中，在鸡蛋大小和后代的身体大小的变化，响应于几个母体变量（即身体大小，年龄和营养状况）进行了检查。3.雌虫在成虫期的营养摄入量对卵的大小没有影响。从小卵孵化的幼虫在其个体发育过程中通过增加生长速率（即补偿生长）从最初的劣势中部分恢复;然而，卵大小和蛹体大小之间仍然存在正相关关系。4.年长的雌性产生小的卵，但由于补偿性生长，蛹不再小。相比之下，由于缺乏补偿性生长，小雌性产生小卵子和小脓疱。5.这些结果表明，母亲的身体大小影响后代的身体大小，通过影响鸡蛋的大小。这种代际效应可能解释了T.二叉
1. The egg size of insects can vary depending on maternal body size or resource status, and it may influence offspring body size by determining initial resource level. 2. The giant rhinoceros beetle Trypoxylus dichotomus exhibits considerable variation in body size, some of which is attributed to the variation in larval food (humus) quality, although a substantial amount of variation in body size remains unexplained. In the present study, changes in the egg size and offspring body size in response to several maternal variables were examined (i.e. body size, age, and, nutritional status). 3. Nutritional intake of the females during the adult stage did not affect the egg size. Larvae hatched from small eggs partially recovered from the initial disadvantage during their ontogenetic processes by increasing growth rate (i.e. compensatory growth); however, there was still a positive relationship between egg size and pupal body size. 4. Older females produced small eggs, but because of compensatory growth, the pupae were no longer small. By contrast, due to a lack of compensatory growth, small females produced small eggs as well as small pupae. 5. These results suggest that maternal body size affects offspring body size through effects on egg size. This transgenerational effect may account for some of the variation in adult body size of T. dichotomus.