Toxicity and bioaccumulation of bromadiolone to earthworm Eisenia fetida.
Toxicity and bioaccumulation of bromadiolone to earthworm Eisenia fetida.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.chemosphere.2015.04.058
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发表时间：
2015-09
期刊：
影响因子：
8.8
通讯作者：
Jing Liu;K. Xiong;X. Ye;Jianyun Zhang;Ye Yang;Li Ji
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Jing Liu;K. Xiong;X. Ye;Jianyun Zhang;Ye Yang;Li Ji
溴敌隆是一种有效的第二代抗凝血灭鼠剂，已在世界范围内广泛用于现场灭鼠。由于使用溴敌隆诱饵，无脊椎动物可能面临初级中毒的风险。然而，关于溴敌隆对蚯蚓的毒性和生物累积的数据很少。在这项研究中，我们报道了溴敌隆在1 mg/kg土壤中对蚯蚓有毒性，这是在使用溴敌隆毒饵后的一个可能的田间浓度。溴敌隆对蚯蚓生长有明显的抑制作用。随着暴露时间的延长，蚯蚓体内超氧化物歧化酶和过氧化氢酶的抗氧化活性略有增加，而丙二醛含量(作为脂质过氧化损伤的分子标志物)则以升高为主。土壤中的溴敌隆对蚯蚓具有生物蓄积性。溴敌隆对土壤的生物积累因子(BSAF)具有浓度依赖性，随着土壤中溴敌隆水平的增加，BSAF降低。这些结果表明，蚯蚓不仅是一次中毒的潜在对象，也是食虫和食虫者在使用溴敌隆后二次暴露的来源。
Bromadiolone, a potent second-generation anticoagulant rodenticide, has been extensively used worldwide for the field control of rodents. Invertebrates may be at risk from primary poisoning as a result of bromadiolone bait applications. However, there are few data regarding the toxicity and bioaccumulation of bromadiolone to earthworms. In this study, we reported that bromadiolone was toxic to earthworms at 1 mg/kg soil, which is a likely concentration in the field following application of bromadiolone baits. Exposure to bromadiolone resulted in a significant inhibition of earthworm growth. The antioxidant activities of superoxide dismutase and catalase were slightly increased in earthworms, while malondialdehyde content (as a molecular marker indicative of the damage to lipid peroxidation) was dominantly elevated over the duration of exposure. Bromadiolone in soil is bioaccumulative to earthworms. The biota to soil accumulation factors (BSAFs) of bromadiolone were concentration dependent and BSAFs decreased as the level of bromadiolone in soil increased. These results suggest earthworms are not only the potential subject to primary poisoning but also the source of secondary exposure for insectivores and scavengers following application of bromadiolone.