Host-pathogen interactions in relation to management of light leaf spot disease (caused by Pyrenopeziza brassicae) on Brassica species
Host-pathogen interactions in relation to management of light leaf spot disease (caused by Pyrenopeziza brassicae) on Brassica species
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DOI：
10.1071/cp16445
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发表时间：
2018-01-01
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
Fitt, Bruce D. L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Dewage, Chinthani S. Karandeni;Kloppel, Coretta A.;Fitt, Bruce D. L.
甘蓝型油菜光斑病是英国油菜危害最严重的病害，由白粉病引起。根据最近的调查数据，流行病的严重程度在英国各地逐步增加，英格兰每年的产量损失高达1.6亿英镑，苏格兰的流行病更严重。轻叶斑病是一种多周期病害，最初的接种物由前一作物季节的病屑上产生的空气传播的子囊孢子组成。在病叶上产生的飞溅散布的分生孢子是二次接种的主要成分。甘蓝拟青霉也能侵染蔬菜甘蓝，造成相当大的产量损失，尤其是甘蓝。轻叶斑病可能在不同的十字花科植物间传播。由于寄主范围广，有性繁殖频繁，甘蓝型油菜种群可能具有相当大的遗传多样性，而且有证据表明种群在不同地理区域之间存在差异，这需要进一步研究。现有的疾病管理工具不足以提供对疾病的充分控制。有必要确定新的抗源，并将其与杀菌剂的应用相结合，以实现对轻叶斑病的可持续管理。在以前的研究中已经发现了几个主要的抗性基因和数量性状基因座，但对甘蓝型油菜-P.通过开发有关油菜和胞外真菌病原体的新的遗传和基因组信息，可以预期油菜与油菜的相互作用。
Light leaf spot, caused by Pyrenopeziza brassicae, is the most damaging disease problem in oilseed rape (Brassica napus) in the United Kingdom. According to recent survey data, the severity of epidemics has increased progressively across the UK, with yield losses of up to 160M pound per annum in England and more severe epidemics in Scotland. Light leaf spot is a polycyclic disease, with primary inoculum consisting of airborne ascospores produced on diseased debris from the previous cropping season. Splash-dispersed conidia produced on diseased leaves are the main component of the secondary inoculum. Pyrenopeziza brassicae is also able to infect and cause considerable yield losses on vegetable brassicas, especially Brussels sprouts. There may be spread of light leaf spot among different Brassica species. Since they have a wide host range and frequent occurrence of sexual reproduction, P. brassicae populations are likely to have considerable genetic diversity, and evidence suggests population variations between different geographic regions, which need further study. Available disease-management tools are not sufficient to provide adequate control of the disease. There is a need to identify new sources of resistance, which can be integrated with fungicide applications to achieve sustainable management of light leaf spot. Several major resistance genes and quantitative trait loci have been identified in previous studies, but rapid improvements in the understanding of molecular mechanisms underpinning B. napus-P. brassicae interactions can be expected through exploitation of novel genetic and genomic information for brassicas and extracellular fungal pathogens.