Brittle smiles: positive biases toward stigmatized and outgroup targets.
Brittle smiles: positive biases toward stigmatized and outgroup targets.
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脆弱的微笑：对被污名化和外群体目标的积极偏见。
DOI：
10.1037/a0029663
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发表时间：
2013
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Koslov,Katrina
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Mendes,WendyBerry;Koslov,Katrina
我们研究了个体夸大他们对被污名化的他人的积极反应（即过度纠正）的倾向，并探讨了如何打破过度纠正，因为它的脆弱性。前两项研究证明了矫枉过正：与黑人伙伴配对的白色参与者（实验1A）微笑，大笑，表现出比与同种族伙伴配对的参与者更积极的行为。实验1B用一个身体污名化的样本（即面部胎记）复制了一般效果，然后证明了过度矫正是由偏见调节的;对伴侣表现出更积极行为的参与者在与伴侣的压力任务中表现出最大的生理“威胁”。然后，我们研究了这样一个想法，即如果过度矫正需要认知资源并且需要付出努力，那么当资源被征税时，它可能是脆弱的。在实验2和3中，我们观察到，当资源受到损害（例如，压力或认知负荷）时，过度矫正很容易被破坏。总而言之，这些研究表明，对污名化和外群体成员的积极偏见是脆弱的，当资源被征税时，这种偏见可能会被削弱。（PsycInfo数据库记录（c）2020阿帕，保留所有权利）
We examined individuals’ tendencies to exaggerate their positive responses toward stigmatized others (ie, overcorrect) and explored how overcorrection, because of its fragile nature, could be disrupted. The first 2 studies demonstrate overcorrection: White participants paired with Black partners (Experiment 1A) smiled, laughed, and showed more positive behavior than those paired with same-race partners. Experiment 1B replicated the general effect with a physically stigmatized sample (ie, facial birthmarks) and then demonstrated that overcorrection is moderated by bias; participants who exhibited more positive behavior toward their partner showed the most physiological “threat” during a stressful task with their partner. We then examined the idea that if overcorrection requires cognitive resources and is effortful, then it may be fragile when resources are taxed. In Experiments 2 and 3, we observed that overcorrection was easily disrupted when resources were compromised (eg, with stress or cognitive load). Taken together, these studies suggest that positive biases toward stigmatized and outgroup members are fragile and can be undermined when resources are taxed.(PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved)