Long-term effectiveness of a peer-based intervention to promote condom and contraceptive use among HIV-positive and at-risk women
Long-term effectiveness of a peer-based intervention to promote condom and contraceptive use among HIV-positive and at-risk women
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DOI：
10.1093/phr/116.s1.103
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发表时间：
2001-01-01
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Green, BM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fogarty, LA;Heilig, CM;Green, BM
Objective.作者使用一项更大规模研究的数据来评估同伴倡导干预对HIV感染妇女和HIV感染高危妇女使用避孕套和避孕药具的长期影响。一项研究中的艾滋病毒感染妇女和第二项研究中的艾滋病毒感染高风险妇女是从妇女和婴儿示范项目中选出的，并被分配到一个标准或加强的艾滋病毒预防治疗组。强化干预措施包括支助小组和根据客户需要与同行倡导者进行一对一接触。作者在基线和6个月、12个月和18个月时对妇女进行了访谈，并测量了避孕套和避孕药具使用一致性、自我效能以及避孕套和避孕药具使用的优势和劣势的变化。在HIV感染的妇女中，与标准组相比，加强组提高了安全套使用的一致性，增加了安全套使用的感知优势，并提高了自我效能水平。在高危妇女中，加强干预组在6个月时与主要伴侣保持一致的安全套使用，并认为与标准组相比，使用安全套的好处更多。这些差异在12个月时减小。在HIV+研究中，强化干预通常有效。然而，在有风险的研究中，干预效果很小而且短暂。相关的理论，干预设计和样本特征的因素有助于解释这些差异。
Objective. The authors used data from a larger study to evaluate the longterm effects of a peer advocate intervention on condom and contraceptive use among HIV-infected women and women at high risk for HIV infection.Methods. HIV-infected women in one study and women at high risk for HIV infection in a second study were selected from the Women and Infants Demonstration Project and assigned to a standard or an enhanced HIV prevention treatment group. The enhanced intervention included support groups and one-on-one contacts with peer advocates tailored to clients' needs. The authors interviewed women at baseline and at 6-, 12- and 18-months, and measured changes in consistency of condom and contraceptive use and in self-efficacy and perceived advantages and disadvantages of condom and contraceptive use.Results. Of HIV-infected women, the enhanced group had improved consistency in condom use, increased perceived advantages of condom use, and increased level of self-efficacy compared with the standard group. Of women at risk, the enhanced intervention group at six months maintained consistent condom use with a main partner and perceived more benefit of condom use compared with the standard group. These differences diminished at 12 months.Conclusions. The enhanced intervention was generally effective in the HIV+ study. In the at-risk study, however, intervention effects were minimal and short-lived. Factors related to the theory, intervention design, and Sample characteristics help explain these differences.