Central location of the motoneurons that supply the cucullaris (trapezius) of the clearnose skate, Raja eglanteria.
Central location of the motoneurons that supply the cucullaris (trapezius) of the clearnose skate, Raja eglanteria.
复制标题
为明鼻鳐（Raja elanteria）的斜方肌（斜方肌）提供能量的运动神经元的中心位置。
DOI：
10.1016/0006-8993(92)90148-3
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发表时间：
1992
期刊：
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Boord,RL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Sperry,DG;Boord,RL
透明鼻鳐（Raja elanteria）中的三块肌肉（一块外侧、一块中间和一块内侧）的复合体被认为完全或部分与斜方肌同源。辣根过氧化物酶的逆行运输被用来发现为这些肌肉提供能量的运动神经元的中心位置。投射到外侧肌肉的运动神经元占据 X 腹侧核的尾部。该核位于尾髓水平的背侧迷走神经运动柱的腹外侧，以及头侧脊髓的主腹侧运动柱的外侧。这些运动神经元的轴突在尾部迷走神经根内离开髓质，并在迷走神经肠（内脏）支内沿外周走行。支配中间和内侧肌肉的运动神经元位于脊髓第 10-15 段灰质腹侧柱的腹侧边缘。它们的轴突在脊神经腹侧根内外围延伸。 X 的尾侧腹核、支配外侧肌肉的神经和外侧肌肉可能分别是其他鱼类和四足动物中的副核、副神经和斜方肌的同源物。根据提供它们的运动神经元的中心位置，中间和内侧肌肉是纵向外轴肌肉组织的一部分，而不是斜方肌复合体的一部分。
A complex of three muscles (one lateral, one intermediate and one medial in position) in the clearnose skate,Raja eglanteria, is believed to be wholly, or in part, homologous to the cucullaris (trapezius). The retrograde transport of horseradish peroxidase was used to discover the central location of the motoneurons that supply each of these muscles. Motoneurons that project to the lateral muscle occupy the caudal part of the ventral nucleus of X. This nucleus is situated ventrolateral to the dorsal vagal motor column at caudal medullary levels, and lateral to the main ventral motor column of the rostral spinal cord. The axons of these motoneurons exit the medulla within the caudal vagal rootlets and course peripherally within the intestinal (visceral) ramus of the vagus nerve. Motoneurons that innervate the intermediate and medial muscles are located along the ventral border of the ventral column of gray at spinal cord segments 10–15. Their axons course peripherally within the ventral roots of spinal nerves. The caudal ventral nucleus of X, the nerve that supplies the lateral muscle, and the lateral muscle are likely homologues of the accessory nucleus, accessory nerve, and cucullaris (trapezius), respectively, among other fishes and tetrapods. Intermediate and medial muscles, based on the central location of motoneurons that supply them, are part of the longitudinal epaxial musculature and are not part of a trapezius complex.