The relationship of age and cardiovascular fitness to cognitive and motor processes
The relationship of age and cardiovascular fitness to cognitive and motor processes
复制标题
DOI：
10.1017/s0048577201393058
复制
发表时间：
2002-05-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Hatfield, BD
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hillman, CH;Weiss, EP;Hatfield, BD
年长和年轻的有氧训练和久坐的成年人参加了S1-S2-S3范式，旨在引起事件相关电位（ERP）和行为反应，以确定心血管健康对认知和运动过程的影响。范例提供关于即将到来的决策任务（S2）的难度水平的警告（S1）。参与者必须在S2呈现时决定两个酒吧中较高的一个，但保持他们的反应直到S3，他们以运动方式表明他们的选择。结果显示，年龄相关的差异ERP措施作为老年人参与者表现出增加的幅度的刺激前负性（SPN）之前S2，和更长的潜伏期和等电位的P3在响应S2。健身效果也被观察到的应变负变（CNV）的幅度下降，适合相对于久坐不动的个人。年龄与健身P3潜伏期S2的老年人久坐不动的个人表现出最长的潜伏期，其次是老年人适合和年轻的群体。对于至S3的反应时间（RT），未观察到显著的组间差异。因此，身体健康与老年人认知能力下降的减弱以及年轻和老年参与者运动准备的更大经济性相关。
Older and younger aerobically trained and sedentary adults participated in an S1-S2-S3 paradigm designed to elicit event-related potential (ERP) and behavioral responses to determine the influence of cardiovascular fitness on cognitive and motor processes. The paradigm provided warning (S I) as to the difficulty level of an upcoming decision task (S2). Participants had to decide the taller of two bars on presentation of S2 but hold their response until S3, to which they indicated their choice motorically. Results revealed age-related differences for ERP measures as older participants showed increased amplitude of the stimulus preceding negativity (SPN) prior to S2, and longer latencies and equipotentiality of P3 in response to S2. Fitness effects were also observed for the contingent negative variation (CNV) with decreased amplitude for fit relative to sedentary individuals. Age interacted with fitness for P3 latency to S2 as older sedentary individuals showed the longest latency followed by older fit and both younger groups. No significant group differences were observed for reaction time (RT) to S3. Therefore, physical fitness is associated with attenuation of cognitive decline in older individuals and greater economy of motor preparation for both young and older participants.