Effect of a High Carbohydrate Diet on Insulin Binding to Adipocytes and on Insulin Action in vivo in Man
Effect of a High Carbohydrate Diet on Insulin Binding to Adipocytes and on Insulin Action in vivo in Man
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高碳水化合物饮食对胰岛素与脂肪细胞结合和人体内胰岛素作用的影响
DOI：
10.2337/diab.28.8.731
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发表时间：
1979
期刊：
影响因子：
7.7
通讯作者：
J. Olefsky
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
O. Kolterman;M. Greenfield;G. Reaven;M. Saekow;J. Olefsky
我们研究了短期（5天）和长期（2周）高碳水化合物（75%）喂养对正常受试者体内胰岛素与分离脂肪细胞结合和胰岛素敏感性的影响。摄入高碳水化合物饮食导致一整天的高胰岛素血症在短期和长期组。胰岛素与分离的脂肪细胞的结合在两组中均减少;在短期组中，胰岛素结合的减少是由受体亲和力的降低引起的，而在长期组中，这是由受体数量的减少引起的。另一方面，尽管胰岛素结合减少，但两组的体内胰岛素敏感性均显著改善。总之，（1）胰岛素受体的短期适应性反应是结合亲和力的降低，而长期反应是受体数量的减少，（2）持续和慢性高胰岛素血症可导致细胞胰岛素受体数量的减少，（3）高碳水化合物饮食导致胰岛素促进葡萄糖从血浆中去除的能力普遍增加，和（4）如果高碳水化合物饮食也导致胰岛素受体远端葡萄糖代谢步骤的活性增加，则可以解释在胰岛素结合减少的情况下胰岛素敏感性增强的矛盾。
We studied the effects of short-term (5 days) and long-term (2 wk) high carbohydrate (75%) feedings on insulin binding to isolated adipocytes and insulin sensitivity in vivo in normal subjects. Ingestion of the high carbohydrate diet led to daylong hyperinsulinemia in both short- and long-term groups. Insulin binding to isolated adipocytes was decreased in both groups; in the short-term groups this decrease in insulin binding was caused by a decrease in the receptor affinity, whereas in the long-term group it was caused by a decrease in receptor number. On the other hand, despite this decrease in insulin binding, total in vivo insulin sensitivity was markedly improved in both groups. In conclusion, (1) the short-term adaptive response of the insulin receptor is a decrease in binding affinity whereas the long-term response is a decrease in receptor number, (2) sustained and chronic hyperinsulinemia can lead to a decrease in the number of cellular insulin receptors, (3) high carbohydrate diets lead to a general increase in insulin's ability to promote glucose removal from plasma, and (4) the paradox of enhanced insulin sensitivity in the face of decreased insulin binding can be explained if high carbohydrate diets also lead to an increase in the activity of steps in glucose metabolism distal to the insulin receptor.