Anosmia and dysgeusia associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection: an age-matched case-control study
Anosmia and dysgeusia associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection: an age-matched case-control study
复制标题
DOI：
10.1503/cmaj.200869
复制
发表时间：
2020-06-29
影响因子：
14.6
通讯作者：
Pepin, Jacques
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Carignan, Alex;Valiquette, Louis;Pepin, Jacques
背景：嗅觉缺失和味觉障碍已被报告为2019年冠状病毒病的潜在症状。本研究旨在确认嗅觉丧失和味觉障碍是否是严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2型（SARS-CoV-2）检测阳性患者的特异性症状。方法：我们于2020年3月10日至3月23日在魁北克东部乡镇地区进行了一项年龄匹配的病例对照研究。我们纳入了通过逆转录聚合酶链反应检测SARS-CoV-2阳性的成人（年龄≥ 18岁）。病例按照5岁年龄组进行匹配（1：1），对照患者从同期所有SARS-CoV-2检测阴性的患者中随机选择。从病历中收集人口统计学和实验室信息。临床症状和与嗅觉丧失和味觉障碍相关的合并症通过标准化问卷电话访谈获得。研究结果：在2883名接受SARS-CoV-2检测的人中，我们确定了134例阳性病例（70名女性[52.2%]和64名男性[47.8%];中位年龄为57.1 [四分位数范围41.2-64.5]岁）。在条件Logistic回归中，与SARS-CoV-2阳性独立相关的症状是嗅觉丧失或味觉障碍或两者兼而有之（调整的比值比[OR] 62.9，95%置信区间[CI] 11.0-359.7），存在肌痛（校正OR 7.6，95% CI 1.9-29.9）、视力模糊（校正OR 0.1，95% CI 0.0-0.8）和胸痛（校正OR 0.1，95% CI 0.0-0.6）。解释：我们发现嗅觉和味觉症状与SARS-CoV-2阳性之间有很强的相关性。这些症状应被视为SARS-CoV-2感染的共同和独特特征，并应作为对首次检测结果为阴性的人进行检测和可能重新检测的指示。
BACKGROUND: Anosmia and dysgeusia have been reported as potential symptoms of coronavirus disease 2019. This study aimed to confirm whether anosmia and dysgeusia are specific symptoms among those who tested positive for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). METHODS: We conducted an age-matched case-control study in the Eastern Townships region of Quebec between Mar. 10 and Mar. 23, 2020. We included adults (age >= 18 yr) who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Cases were matched (1:1) according to 5-year age groups with control patents selected randomly from among all patients who tested negative for SARS-CoV-2 during the same period. Demographic and laboratory information was collected from medical records. Clinical symptoms and comorbidities associated with anosmia and dysgeusia were obtained by telephone interview with a standardized questionnaire. RESULTS: Among 2883 people tested for SARS-CoV-2, we identified 134 positive cases (70 women [52.2%] and 64 men [47.8%]; median age 57.1 [interquartile range 41.2-64.5] yr). The symptoms independently associated with SARS-CoV-2 positivity in conditional logistic regression were anosmia or dysgeusia or both (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 62.9, 95% confidence interval [CI] 11.0-359.7), presence of myalgia (adjusted OR 7.6, 95% CI 1.9-29.9), blurred vision (adjusted OR 0.1, 95% CI 0.0-0.8) and chest pain (adjusted OR 0.1, 95% CI 0.0-0.6). INTERPRETATION: We found a strong association between olfactory and gustatory symptoms and SARS-CoV-2 positivity. These symptoms should be considered as common and distinctive features of SARS-CoV-2 infection and should serve as an indication for testing and possible retesting of people whose first test result is negative.