The evolution of a tropical biodiversity hotspot
The evolution of a tropical biodiversity hotspot
复制标题
热带生物多样性热点的演变
DOI：
10.1126/science.aaz6970
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发表时间：
2020-12-11
期刊：
影响因子：
56.9
通讯作者：
Derryberry, Elizabeth P.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Harvey, Michael G.;Bravo, Gustavo A.;Derryberry, Elizabeth P.
热带地区是大多数生物多样性的来源，但采样不足掩盖了有关这种多样性如何演变的基本问题的答案。我们利用数十年实地工作收集的样本来研究最大的热带鸟类辐射——亚声雀形目鸟类的多样性。我们的系统发育利用来自 1287 个物种的 1940 个个体的 2389 个基因组区域的数据进行估计，结果表明新热带地区的亚暗物种多样性峰值与近期的高物种形成率无关，而是与物种随着时间的推移逐渐积累有关。矛盾的是，物种形成率最高的谱系来自物种多样性较低的地区，这些地区通常是寒冷、干燥、不稳定的环境。我们的结果揭示了一个模型，在该模型中，物种在极端环境中形成得更快，但在温和环境中却积累起来，形成热带生物多样性热点。
The tropics are the source of most biodiversity yet inadequate sampling obscures answers to fundamental questions about how this diversity evolves. We leveraged samples assembled over decades of fieldwork to study diversification of the largest tropical bird radiation, the suboscine passerines. Our phylogeny, estimated using data from 2389 genomic regions in 1940 individuals of 1287 species, reveals that peak suboscine species diversity in the Neotropics is not associated with high recent speciation rates but rather with the gradual accumulation of species over time. Paradoxically, the highest speciation rates are in lineages from regions with low species diversity, which are generally cold, dry, unstable environments. Our results reveal a model in which species are forming faster in environmental extremes but have accumulated in moderate environments to form tropical biodiversity hotspots.