Poor Adherence to US Dietary Guidelines for Children and Adolescents in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey Population
Poor Adherence to US Dietary Guidelines for Children and Adolescents in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey Population
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/j.jand.2015.08.010
复制
发表时间：
2016-01-01
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
Frazier-Wood, Alexis C.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Banfield, Emilyn C.;Liu, Yan;Frazier-Wood, Alexis C.
儿童和青少年时期不良的饮食质量与一生中不良的健康结果有关，然而，美国儿童的饮食习惯以及他们在童年和青春期的变化是未知的。目的本研究试图通过评估2010年美国人饮食指南（DGA）的遵守情况来描述儿童和青少年的饮食质量。并确定是否有任何差异，坚持发生在整个童年。设计，设置和参与者，我们采用了一个横截面设计，使用的数据来自全国健康和营养调查（NHANES）。在2005年至2010年参加NHANES的9，280名4至18岁儿童中，那些饮食回忆数据不足的儿童（n=852）或在访谈期间怀孕或哺乳的儿童（n=38）被排除在最终研究样本之外（n=8，我们使用2010年健康饮食指数（HEI-2010）测量DGA的依从性，并将参与者分为三个年龄组（4至8岁，9至13岁和14至18岁）。我们分析了每12个HEI-2010组件和总HEI-2010 score.Results最年轻的孩子有最高的整体饮食质量，由于显着更大的分数为总水果，全水果，奶制品，全谷物。这些儿童在钠、精制谷物和空热量方面的得分也最高。HEI-2010总评分范围为43.59至52.11的100，远低于80被认为是表明饮食与良好的health.Conclusions相关的最低分数，总体而言，儿童和青少年未能满足DGA，并可能在整个生命的慢性疾病的风险增加。通过分析哪些食物组显示出年龄组之间的差异，我们提供的数据可以为制定饮食干预措施提供信息，以促进针对特定年龄段的特定食物组，并改善儿童和青少年的饮食质量。
Background Poor diet quality in childhood and adolescence is associated with adverse health outcomes throughout life, yet the dietary habits of American children and how they change across childhood and adolescence are unknown.Objectives This study sought to describe diet quality among children and adolescents by assessing adherence to the 2010 Dietary Guidelines for Americans (DGA) and to determine whether any differences in adherence occurred across childhood.Design, setting, and participants We employed a cross-sectional design using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Of 9,280 children aged 4 to 18 years who participated in NHANES from 2005 to 2010, those with insufficient data on dietary recall (n=852) or who were pregnant or lactating during the time of interview (n=38) were excluded from the final study sample (n=8,390).Main outcome measures We measured adherence to the DGA using the Healthy Eating Index 2010 (HEI-2010) and stratified participants into three age groups (4 to 8, 9 to 13, and 14 to 18 years of age). We analyzed each of 12 HEI-2010 components and total HEI-2010 score.Results The youngest children had the highest overall diet quality due to significantly greater scores for total fruit, whole fruit, dairy, and whole grains. These children also had the highest scores for sodium, refined grains, and empty calories. Total HEI-2010 scores ranged from 43.59 to 52.11 out of 100, much lower than the minimum score of 80 that is thought to indicate a diet associated with good health.Conclusions Overall, children and adolescents are failing to meet the DGA and may be at an increased risk of chronic diseases throughout life. By analyzing which food groups show differences between age groups, we provide data that can inform the development of dietary interventions to promote specific food groups targeting specific ages and improve diet quality among children and adolescents.