Influence from friends to drink more or drink less: a cross-national comparison.
Influence from friends to drink more or drink less: a cross-national comparison.
复制标题
朋友对多喝或少喝的影响：跨国比较。
DOI：
10.1016/j.addbeh.2013.06.005
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发表时间：
2013
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Gmel,Gerhard
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Astudillo,Mariana;Connor,Jennie;Roiblatt,RachelE;Ibanga,AkanidomoKJ;Gmel,Gerhard
饮酒习惯是社会模式的，社交网络影响个人的饮酒行为。以前的研究主要集中在家庭成员对减少饮酒的影响上，而那些关注同伴影响的研究主要局限于青少年和大学年龄饮酒者的社会规范。相比之下，本文以成年人为研究对象，考察了朋友们不仅要减少饮酒量，还要增加饮酒量的劝诫。国际研究项目（GENACIS）被用来测试是否有国家和性别差异的影响，喝少或喝多的朋友，并检查这是否是受饮酒行为的影响。研究结果显示，那些受影响少喝酒的人比那些没有报告这种影响的人有更多的重度间歇性饮酒（HED）。相比之下，增加饮酒量的影响主要来自同性朋友，可能更多地是鼓励所有饮酒者的社交环境的结果，无论他们发生HED的频率如何。在国家一级，减少饮酒对男女的影响随着一个国家饮酒者的比例而下降。同样，在性别角色更加平等的国家，男女减少饮酒的影响也有所下降。因此，在酒精使用更广泛的国家，男性和女性性别角色的期望之间的差异较小，较少的人受到影响，以减少饮酒。这些研究结果具有社会和行为策略的影响，旨在减少酒精相关的危害，在广泛的文化。
Drinking habits are socially patterned and social networks influence individuals' drinking behaviors. Previous studies have focused primarily upon the influence from family members to drink less. Those studies that have focused upon peer influence have been largely confined to social norms among adolescent and college-age drinkers. By contrast, based in adult populations, this article examines exhortations from friends not only to reduce alcohol consumption but also to increase it. Survey data in 15 countries that participate in the Gender, Alcohol and Culture: An International Study project (GENACIS) were used to test whether there were country and gender differences concerning the influence to drink less or to drink more by friends and examine if this was affected by the drinking behavior. The findings revealed that those influenced to drink less had more heavy episodic drinking (HED) occasions than those who did not report such influence. By contrast, influence to drink more, originating mainly from same-sex friends, may be more the result of social situations that encourage all drinkers, regardless of their frequency of HED occasions. At the country level, influence to drink less for both sexes decreased with the proportion of drinkers in a country. Similarly, influence to drink less for both sexes also decreased in countries where gender roles were more egalitarian. Thus, in countries where alcohol use is more widespread and fewer differences are observed between male and female gender role expectations, fewer people were influenced to drink less. These findings have implications for social and behavioral strategies designed to reduce alcohol-related harm across a wide range of cultures.