Introduction to Quantitative Genetics
Introduction to Quantitative Genetics
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DOI：
10.1002/9781118313718.ch4
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发表时间：
2012-08
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
G. Acquaah
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
G. Acquaah
到目前为止，在本课程中，我们要么完全涉及由单个位点的简单孟德尔遗传所控制的性状的进化，要么涉及分子序列的进化。甚至在上周，当我们处理群体基因组数据（来自数百或数千个位点的数据）时，我们也是分别处理每个位点的变异，并综合多个位点的结果。我有一些关于配子不平衡以及两个位点上等位基因频率如何同时变化的旧笔记，但它们在这些笔记的书籍版本的“旧笔记，不再更新”部分（https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/Lecture_notes_in_population_genetics/100687），我们没有讨论它们。到目前为止，在我们考虑的每个例子中，我们都设想通过研究单个基因的进化来了解一些有关进化的知识。这是经典群体遗传学的范畴。在接下来的几周里，我们将探索一个比经典群体遗传学更古老的领域，尽管我们将采用的方法涉及群体遗传学工具的使用。如果你对进化生物学的历史有一些了解，你可能知道在1900年孟德尔的工作被重新发现之后，“生物统计学家”（例如，高尔顿和皮尔逊）和“孟德尔主义者”（例如，德弗里斯、科伦斯、贝特森和摩根）之间发生了一场激烈的辩论。生物统计学家断言，进化中真正重要的变异并不遵循孟德尔定律。身高、体重、肤色以及类似的性状似乎
So far in this course we have dealt entirely either with the evolution of characters that are controlled by simple Mendelian inheritance at a single locus or with the evolution of molecular sequences. Even last week when we were dealing with population genomic data, data from hundreds or thousands of loci, we were treating the variation at each locus separately and combining results across loci. I have some old notes on gametic disequilibrium and how allele frequencies change at two loci simultaneously, but they’re in the “Old notes, no longer updated” section of the book version of these notes (https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/Lecture_notes_ in_population_genetics/100687), and we didn’t discuss them. In every example we’ve considered so far we’ve imagined that we could understand something about evolution by examining the evolution of a single gene. That’s the domain of classical population genetics. For the next few weeks we’re going to be exploring a field that’s older than classical population genetics, although the approach we’ll be taking to it involves the use of population genetic machinery. If you know a little about the history of evolutionary biology, you may know that after the rediscovery of Mendel’s work in 1900 there was a heated debate between the “biometricians” (e.g., Galton and Pearson) and the “Mendelians” (e.g., de Vries, Correns, Bateson, and Morgan). Biometricians asserted that the really important variation in evolution didn’t follow Mendelian rules. Height, weight, skin color, and similar traits seemed to