Independent divergence of 13- and 17-y life cycles among three periodical cicada lineages
Independent divergence of 13- and 17-y life cycles among three periodical cicada lineages
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三个周期蝉谱系13年和17年生命周期的独立分化
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.1220060110
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发表时间：
2013
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
and Jin Yoshimura
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Teiji Sota;Satoshi Yamamoto;John R. Cooley;Kathy B. R. Hill;Chris Simon;and Jin Yoshimura
13-和17-y周期蝉（Magicicada）的进化是神秘的，因为在任何给定的位置，涉及到三个不同的物种群（Decim，Cassini，Decula），具有同步的生命周期。每个种组分为一个13-y种和一个17-y种，除了Decim组，其中包含两个13-y种：Magicada tredecim，Magicada neotredecim，Magicada tredecassini和Magicada tredecula; 17-y种：Magicada septendecim，Magicada cassini和Magicada septendecula。在这里，我们表明，分歧导致目前的13-和17-y人口之间的物种组有很大的不同，尽管事实上，每个组表现出惊人的相似的地理格局。现存谱系最早的分歧发生在2.4 Mya，其中一个分支形成Decim物种群，另一个随后分裂2.5 Mya形成Cassini和Decula物种群。现存谱系最早分裂为13年和17年的生命周期发生在Decim谱系0.5 Mya。所有三个物种组经历了至少一个插曲的生活史分歧，因为最后一次冰期最大。我们假设，尽管独立的起源，这三个物种组实现了目前的重叠分布，因为入侵同源物的生活周期同步的主要居民人口使逃脱捕食和人口持久性。我们的数据支持的重复的生命周期的分歧表明存在一个共同的遗传基础的两个生命周期中的三个物种组。
The evolution of 13- and 17-y periodical cicadas (Magicicada) is enigmatic because at any given location, up to three distinct species groups (Decim, Cassini, Decula) with synchronized life cycles are involved. Each species group is divided into one 13- and one 17-y species with the exception of the Decim group, which contains two 13-y species—13-y species areMagicicada tredecim,Magicicada neotredecim,Magicicada tredecassini, andMagicicada tredecula; and 17-y species areMagicicada septendecim,Magicicada cassini, andMagicicada septendecula. Here we show that the divergence leading to the present 13- and 17-y populations differs considerably among the species groups despite the fact that each group exhibits strikingly similar phylogeographic patterning. The earliest divergence of extant lineages occurred ∼4 Mya with one branch forming the Decim species group and the other subsequently splitting 2.5 Mya to form the Cassini and Decula species groups. The earliest split of extant lineages into 13- and 17-y life cycles occurred in the Decim lineage 0.5 Mya. All three species groups experienced at least one episode of life cycle divergence since the last glacial maximum. We hypothesize that despite independent origins, the three species groups achieved their current overlapping distributions because life-cycle synchronization of invading congeners to a dominant resident population enabled escape from predation and population persistence. The repeated life-cycle divergences supported by our data suggest the presence of a common genetic basis for the two life cycles in the three species groups.