Cues to intention bias action perception toward the most efficient trajectory
Cues to intention bias action perception toward the most efficient trajectory
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DOI：
10.1038/s41598-019-42204-y
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发表时间：
2019-04-18
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Bach, Patric
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
McDonough, Katrina L.;Hudson, Matthew;Bach, Patric
人类将他人的行为解释为有意的，并期望他们采取最节能的途径来实现自己的目标。最近的研究表明，这些对有效行动的期望采取了对理想“参考”轨迹的预测形式，与之相对的是，观察到的行动被评估，扭曲了他们对预期路径的感知表征。在这里，我们测试了这些预测是否依赖于刺激的隐含意向性。参与者观看的视频中，演员要么高效地伸手（直接伸向物体或拱过障碍物），要么低效地伸手（直接伸向障碍物或拱过空地）。手在轨迹中间消失，参与者在触摸屏上报告最后看到的位置。与之前的研究一样，对低效行为的判断偏向于效率预期（直线向上的轨迹以避开障碍，弓形向下的轨迹以达到目标）。在另外两个实验组中，通过用非代理球代替手（第二组）和通过移除动作的生物运动轮廓（第三组）来去除意向性线索。删除这些线索大大减少了知觉偏差。因此，我们的研究结果证实，对他人行为的感知是由对有效行为的期望所引导的，这种期望是由对意向性的语义和运动线索的感知所触发的。
Humans interpret others' behaviour as intentional and expect them to take the most energy-efficient path to achieve their goals. Recent studies show that these expectations of efficient action take the form of a prediction of an ideal "reference" trajectory, against which observed actions are evaluated, distorting their perceptual representation towards this expected path. Here we tested whether these predictions depend upon the implied intentionality of the stimulus. Participants saw videos of an actor reaching either efficiently (straight towards an object or arched over an obstacle) or inefficiently (straight towards obstacle or arched over empty space). The hand disappeared mid-trajectory and participants reported the last seen position on a touch-screen. As in prior research, judgments of inefficient actions were biased toward efficiency expectations (straight trajectories upwards to avoid obstacles, arched trajectories downward towards goals). In two further experimental groups, intentionality cues were removed by replacing the hand with a non-agentive ball (group 2), and by removing the action's biological motion profile (group 3). Removing these cues substantially reduced perceptual biases. Our results therefore confirm that the perception of others' actions is guided by expectations of efficient actions, which are triggered by the perception of semantic and motion cues to intentionality.