Long-term neurological and neuropsychological complications of sulfur mustard and Lewisite mixture poisoning in Chinese victims exposed to chemical warfare agents abandoned at the end of WWII
Long-term neurological and neuropsychological complications of sulfur mustard and Lewisite mixture poisoning in Chinese victims exposed to chemical warfare agents abandoned at the end of WWII
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DOI：
10.1016/j.toxlet.2018.04.017
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发表时间：
2018-09-01
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Suzuki, Y.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Isono, O.;Kituda, A.;Suzuki, Y.
2003年8月，中国东北齐齐哈尔一建筑工地挖掘出的5个桶中泄漏出化学战剂，导致44名受害者中毒。这些鼓在第二次世界大战期间被前日本皇军遗弃，含有硫芥（SM）和路易氏剂的混合物。我们在2006年至2014年期间共进行了6次定期检查，从2008年起，我们增加了神经系统评估，包括神经心理测试和自主神经功能测试，并尽可能与医疗随访平行。严重的自主神经功能衰竭，如多汗症，尿频，腹泻，性欲减退，乏力，几乎所有的受害者出现。35%的受害者发生多发性神经病，20%的受害者发生视力收缩。2014年进行的冷加压试验（CPT）、主动站立试验（AST）和心率变异性（CVR-R）的异常反应率分别为63.1%、31.6%和15.9%。在2010年进行的神经心理学测试中，42%的受害者出现了普遍的认知能力下降。其余受害者的记忆和视觉空间能力受到影响。最后，2014年评估的17项PTSD问卷和贝克抑郁量表显示受害者长期存在严重的PTSD症状和抑郁。我们的研究结果表明，SM/路易氏化合物直接对大脑中的认知和情感网络以及自主神经系统产生显著的不良后果。
In August 2003, 44 victims were poisoned by chemical warfare agents (CWAs) leaked from five drums that were excavated at a construction site in Qiqihar, Northeast China. The drums were abandoned by the former Japanese imperial army during World War II and contained a mixture of Sulfur mustard (SM) and Lewisite. We carried out a total of six regular check-ups between 2006 and 2014, and from 2008 we added neurological evaluations including neuropsychological test and autonomic nervous function test in parallel with medical follow-up as much as was possible. Severe autonomic failure, such as hyperhidrosis, pollakiuria, diarrhoea, diminished libido, and asthenia appeared in almost all victims. Polyneuropathy occurred in 35% of the victims and constricted vision occurred in 20% of them. The rates of abnormal response on cold pressor test (CPT), active standing test (AST), Heart rate variability (CVR-R), performed in 2014, were 63.1%, 31.6%, and 15.9%, respectively. On neuropsychological testing evaluated in 2010, a generalized cognitive decline was observed in 42% of the victims. Memories and visuospatial abilities were affected in the remaining victims. Finally, a 17-item PTSD questionnaire and the Beck Depression Inventory evaluated in 2014 revealed long-lasting severe PTSD symptoms and depression of the victims. Our findings suggest that an SM/Lewisite compound have significant adverse consequences directly in cognitive and emotional network and autonomic nervous systems in the brain.