Race as a visual feature: Using visual search and perceptual discrimination tasks to understand face categories and the cross-race recognition
Race as a visual feature: Using visual search and perceptual discrimination tasks to understand face categories and the cross-race recognition
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DOI：
10.1037//0096-3445.129.4.559
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发表时间：
2000-12-01
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
Levin, DT
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Levin, DT
与人脸识别相关的最常见的经验现象之一是跨种族（CR）识别缺陷，即人们难以识别与自己不同的种族成员。大多数研究人员认为，CR赤字是由于未能概括知觉编码的专业知识，从同种族（SR）的面孔，CR的面孔。然而，这种解释忽略了与SR和CR面孔相关的社会认知和特征编码优先级的关键差异。从视觉搜索和知觉辨别任务的数据的基础上，它出现的赤字，因为人们强调的视觉信息指定种族的个性化信息的代价时，识别CR面孔。特别是，它是可能的，以观察一个矛盾的改善，在这两个检测和感知歧视的准确性CR面临的是有限的那些谁承认他们很差。这些研究结果支持了一个新的解释CR识别赤字的基础上CR和SR的面孔之间的特征编码差异，并出现与基于相似性模型的人脸类别不兼容。
One of the most familiar empirical phenomena associated with face recognition is the cross-race (CR) recognition deficit whereby people have difficulty recognizing members of a race different from their own. Most researchers assume that the CR deficit is caused by failure to generalize perceptual encoding expertise from same-race (SR) faces to CR faces. However, this explanation ignores critical differences in the social cognitions and feature coding priorities associated with SR and CR faces. On the basis of data from visual search and perceptual discrimination tasks, it appears that the deficit occurs because people emphasize visual information specifying race at the expense of individuating information when recognizing CR faces. In particular, it is possible to observe a paradoxical improvement in both detection and perceptual discrimination accuracy for CR faces that is limited to those who recognize them poorly. These findings support a new explanation for the CR recognition deficit based on feature coding differences between CR and SR faces, and appear incompatible with similarity-based models of face categories.