Structural properties of PAS domains from the KCNH potassium channels.

Structural properties of PAS domains from the KCNH potassium channels.
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DOI:
10.1371/journal.pone.0059265
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发表时间:
2013
期刊:
影响因子:
3.7
通讯作者:
Morais-Cabral JH
Morais-Cabral JH
中科院分区:
综合性期刊3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Adaixo R;Harley CA;Castro-Rodrigues AF;Morais-Cabral JH

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KCNH 通道是电压门控钾通道的一个重要家族。这些通道包括功能未知的 N 端 Per-Arnt-Sim (PAS) 域。在其他蛋白质中,PAS 结构域通过小分子结合或参与信号级联而参与细胞对环境队列的反应。为了更好地理解它们的作用,我们表征了几个通道 PAS 域的结构特性。我们确定了小鼠 EAG (mEAG)、果蝇 ELK (dELK) 和人 ERG (hERG) 通道的 PAS 结构域以及不含前 9 个氨基酸的 hERG 结构域的高分辨率结构。我们分析了这些结构中与其他 PAS 域中的配体结合和信号传导相关的特征。特别是,我们发现 hERG 和 mEAG 结构中的空腔与其他 PAS 结构域的配体结合位点具有相似性。这些空腔由极性和非极性化学基团排列,并在其体积上表现出潜在的灵活性。我们还发现,β-折叠结构域上的疏水性斑块是一种保守特征,似乎促进了蛋白质-蛋白质接触的形成。此外,dELK 结构域和截短的 hERG 结构域的结构揭示了 N 末端螺旋的存在。这些螺旋相当于 hERG NMR 结构中描述的螺旋,并且已知对通道功能很重要。总体而言,这些通道域保留了许多已知对细胞信号传导很重要的 PAS 域特征。
KCNH channels form an important family of voltage gated potassium channels. These channels include a N-terminal Per-Arnt-Sim (PAS) domain with unknown function. In other proteins PAS domains are implicated in cellular responses to environmental queues through small molecule binding or involvement in signaling cascades. To better understand their role we characterized the structural properties of several channel PAS domains. We determined high resolution structures of PAS domains from the mouse EAG (mEAG), drosophila ELK (dELK) and human ERG (hERG) channels and also of the hERG domain without the first nine amino acids. We analyzed these structures for features connected to ligand binding and signaling in other PAS domains. In particular, we have found cavities in the hERG and mEAG structures that share similarities with the ligand binding sites from other PAS domains. These cavities are lined by polar and apolar chemical groups and display potential flexibility in their volume. We have also found that the hydrophobic patch on the domain β-sheet is a conserved feature and appears to drive the formation of protein-protein contacts. In addition, the structures of the dELK domain and of the truncated hERG domain revealed the presence of N-terminal helices. These helices are equivalent to the helix described in the hERG NMR structures and are known to be important for channel function. Overall, these channel domains retain many of the PAS domain characteristics known to be important for cell signaling.
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