PHENOTYPIC PLASTICITY AND SELECTION IN DROSOPHILA LIFE-HISTORY EVOLUTION .1. NUTRITION AND THE COST OF REPRODUCTION
PHENOTYPIC PLASTICITY AND SELECTION IN DROSOPHILA LIFE-HISTORY EVOLUTION .1. NUTRITION AND THE COST OF REPRODUCTION
复制标题
DOI：
10.1046/j.1420-9101.1993.6020171.x
复制
发表时间：
1993-05-01
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
ROSE, MR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
CHIPPINDALE, AK;LEROI, AM;ROSE, MR
早期的实验已经表明，延迟衰老种群的进化可以通过选择人口统计学或抗应激特性来实现。这两种类型的选择都产生了这样的结果，在这里，我们提出了一系列实验的结果，其中一个环境变量-应用于底物的活酵母菌的水平-产生了定性相似的表型反应：寿命和饥饿抗性通过较低的酵母水平而增强，但以繁殖力为代价。对于饥饿抵抗力与繁殖力的实验，我们显示了一个负的和线性的关系，为每个字符的反应规范跨越梯度的酵母水平。这种表型权衡是稳定的，在20个群体和4个选择处理报告在这里，其一般协议与早期的选择结果表明，进化反应和表型塑性反应可能有一个共同的生理基础。然而，一个重要的差异之间的选择反应和饮食操作的终身生育力数据排除严格的类比。结果大致符合一个简单的“Y-模型”的分配，其中一个有限的资源分配生存和繁殖，这里的字符是饥饿抗性和寿命与繁殖力。
Earlier experiments have shown that the evolution of postponed senescent populations can be achieved by selection on either demographic or stress resistance characters. Both types of selection have produced results in which survival characters (stress resistance and longevity) have apparently traded-off against early-life fecundity.Here we present the results of a series of experiments in which an environmental variable - the level of live yeast inoculate applied to the substrate - produces a qualitatively similar phenotypic response: longevity and starvation resistance are enhanced by lower yeast levels, at the expense of fecundity. For the starvation resistance versus fecundity experiments we show a negative and linear relationship between the norms of reaction for each character across a gradient of yeast levels. This phenotypic trade-off is stable across the 20 populations and 4 selection treatments reported on here, and its general agreement with earlier selection results suggests that the evolutionary response and the phenotypically plastic response may share a common physiological basis. However, an important discrepancy in the lifetime fecundity data between the selection response and the dietary manipulations preclude strict analogy. The results broadly conform to a simple ''Y-model'' of allocation, in which a limited resource is divided between survival and reproduction, here the characters are starvation resistance and longevity versus fecundity.