Validation of standardized data formats and tools for ground-level particle-based gamma-ray observatories
Validation of standardized data formats and tools for ground-level particle-based gamma-ray observatories
复制标题
地面粒子伽马射线天文台标准化数据格式和工具的验证
DOI：
10.1051/0004-6361/202243527
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发表时间：
2022
影响因子：
6.5
通讯作者：
Carramiñana, A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Albert, A.;Alfaro, R.;Arteaga-Velázquez, J. C.;Ayala Solares, H. A.;Babu, R.;Belmont-Moreno, E.;Brisbois, C.;Caballero-Mora, K. S.;Capistrán, T.;Carramiñana, A.
基于地面的 γ 射线天文学仍然是一个相当年轻的研究领域，与粒子物理学有着密切的历史联系。这就是为什么大多数观测都是通过使用专有数据和分析软件进行实验来进行的，这在粒子物理领域是常见的。然而，近年来，在切伦科夫望远镜阵列（CTA）等即将推出的天文台的推动下，这种范式已经慢慢转向开源数据格式和工具的开发和使用。在此背景下，开发了社区驱动的共享数据格式（gamma-astro-data-format，或 GADF）和分析工具，例如 Gammapy 和 ctools。到目前为止，这些工作都是由成像大气切伦科夫望远镜社区领导的，忽略了其他类型的地面γ射线仪器。目的我们的目标是证明来自地面粒子阵列（例如高空水切伦科夫（HAWC）天文台）的数据也与GADF兼容，因此可以使用相关工具（在本例中为Gammapy）进行全面分析。方法我们使用Gammapy和兼容的数据产品重现了几个已发布的HAWC结果符合 GADF 标准。我们还通过生成 Crab 谱的联合拟合来说明共享格式和工具的功能，其中包括来自六个不同 γ 射线实验的数据。结果我们发现与参考结果非常一致，这有力地证实了已发表的结果和所涉及的工具。结论来自粒子探测器阵列（例如 HAWC 天文台）的数据可以适应 GADF，从而使用 Gammapy 进行分析。通用数据格式和共享分析工具允许多仪器联合分析和有效的数据共享。为了强调这一点，本文公开了蟹状星云事件列表的样本。由于指向仪器和广视场仪器的互补性，这种协同作用将明显有利于未来观测站（例如南方广视场伽马射线天文台和 CTA）的联合科学开发。
ContextGround-based γ-ray astronomy is still a rather young field of research, with strong historical connections to particle physics. This is why most observations are conducted by experiments with proprietary data and analysis software, as is usual in the particle physics field. However, in recent years, this paradigm has been slowly shifting toward the development and use of open-source data formats and tools, driven by upcoming observatories such as the Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA). In this context, a community-driven, shared data format (thegamma-astro-data-format, or GADF) and analysis tools such asGammapyandctoolshave been developed. So far, these efforts have been led by the Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescope community, leaving out other types of ground-basedγ-ray instruments.AimsWe aim to show that the data from ground particle arrays, such as the High-Altitude Water Cherenkov (HAWC) observatory, are also compatible with the GADF and can thus be fully analyzed using the related tools, in this case,Gammapy.MethodsWe reproduced several published HAWC results usingGammapyand data products compliant with GADF standard. We also illustrate the capabilities of the shared format and tools by producing a joint fit of the Crab spectrum including data from six differentγ-ray experiments.ResultsWe find excellent agreement with the reference results, a powerful confirmation of both the published results and the tools involved.ConclusionsThe data from particle detector arrays such as the HAWC observatory can be adapted to the GADF and thus analyzed withGammapy.A common data format and shared analysis tools allow multi-instrument joint analysis and effective data sharing. To emphasize this, a sample of Crab nebula event lists is made public with this paper. Because of the complementary nature of pointing and wide-field instruments, this synergy will be distinctly beneficial for the joint scientific exploitation of future observatories such as the Southern Wide-field Gamma-ray Observatory and CTA.