On the factors influencing the performance of solar reactors for water disinfection with photosensitized singlet oxygen
On the factors influencing the performance of solar reactors for water disinfection with photosensitized singlet oxygen
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DOI：
10.1021/es071762y
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发表时间：
2008-01-01
影响因子：
11.4
通讯作者：
Orellana, Guillermo
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Manjon, Francisco;Villen, Laura;Orellana, Guillermo
优化了基于复合抛物收集器（cpc）的两个太阳能反应器，用于非均相光敏单线态氧（O-1(2)）的水消毒。制备了固定化在多孔硅胶上含有Ru（II）配合物的增敏材料，对其进行了光化学表征，并成功地对高达10(4)CFU mL（-1）的水传播大肠杆菌（革兰氏阴性）或粪肠球菌（革兰氏阳性）细菌进行了失活测试。决定太阳能反应器性能的主要因素是光敏材料的类型、光敏剂的负载、CPC收集器的几何形状（鳍型与同轴型）、流体流变学以及同时光热-光解和102对微生物灭活的影响之间的平衡。这样，在西班牙北纬40度，水可以在晴天（0.6-0.8 MJ m(-2) L-1累计太阳辐射剂量在360-700 nm范围内，通常是5-6小时的阳光）消毒，鳍形反应器含有0.6 m(2)饱和三（4,7-二苯基-1,10-菲罗啉）钌（II）（约2.0 g m(-2)）的光敏材料。两种原型的最佳流变条件要求层流到过渡水流。由于翅片型反应器的光解作用更大，因此比同轴反应器表现出更好的失活效率。对增敏材料的耐久性进行了测试，光催化剂的使用寿命至少为三个月，而细菌灭活效率没有任何降低。使用O-1(2)生成膜的太阳能水消毒已被证明是一种有效的技术，可用于年平均日照量高的发展中国家的偏远地区。
Two solar reactors based on compound parabolic collectors (CPCs) were optimized for water disinfection by photosensitized singlet oxygen (O-1(2)) production in the heterogeneous phase. Sensitizing materials containing Ru(II) complexes immobilized on porous silicone were produced, photochemically characterized, and successfully tested for the inactivation of up to 10(4) CFU mL(-1) of waterborne Escherichia coli (gram-negative) or Enterococcus faecalis (gram-positive) bacteria. The main factors determining the performance of the solar reactors are the type of photosensitizing material, the sensitizer loading, the CPC collector geometry (fin- vs coaxial-type),the fluid rheology, and the balance between concurrent photothermal-photolytic and 102 effects on the microorganisms' inactivation. In this way, at the 40 degrees N latitude of Spain, water can be disinfected on a sunny day (0.6-0.8 MJ m(-2) L-1 accumulated solar radiation dose in the 360-700 nm range, typically 5-6 h of sunlight) with a fin-type reactor containing 0.6 m(2) of photosensitizing material saturated with tris(4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline)ruthenium(II) (ca. 2.0 g m(-2)), The optimum rheological conditions require laminar-to-transitional water flow in both prototypes. The fin-type system showed better inactivation efficiency than the coaxial reactor due to a more important photolytic contribution. The durability of the sensitizing materials was tested and the operational lifetime of the photocatalyst is at least three months without any reduction in the bacteria inactivation efficiency. Solar water disinfection with O-1(2)-generating films is demonstrated to be an effective technique for use in isolated regions of developing countries with high yearly average sunshine.