CELLULAR ENTRY OF RETROVIRUSES
CELLULAR ENTRY OF RETROVIRUSES
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DOI：
10.1007/978-1-4614-7651-1_7
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发表时间：
2013-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Poehlmann, Stefan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Lindemann, Dirk;Steffen, Imke;Poehlmann, Stefan
逆转录病毒家族包含几种重要的人类和动物病原体，包括人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV），获得性免疫缺陷综合征（AIDS）的病原体。逆转录病毒的研究有助于我们目前对包膜病毒进入细胞的一般理解。例如，对α逆转录病毒的研究将受体结合（而不是低pH值）定义为包膜蛋白驱动的膜融合的触发因素。对逆转录病毒进入过程的了解允许产生一类新的抗病毒药物，进入抑制剂，这些治疗药物目前用于治疗HIV/AIDS。在这一章中，我们将总结为禽肉瘤和白血病病毒（ASLV），一个广泛使用的逆转录病毒进入模型系统的入口建立的关键概念。然后，我们将审查泡沫病毒和艾滋病毒，灵长类和人类逆转录病毒，进入靶细胞，以及如何参与这些病毒的细胞进入病毒和细胞因子的相互作用影响病毒的嗜性，发病机制和治疗方法和疫苗的开发。
The retrovirus family contains several important human and animal pathogens, including the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), the causative agent of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Studies with retroviruses were instrumental to our present understanding of the cellular entry of enveloped viruses in general. For instance, studies with alpharetroviruses defined receptor engagement, as opposed to low pH, as a trigger for the envelope protein-driven membrane fusion. The insights into the retroviral entry process allowed the generation of a new class of antivirals, entry inhibitors, and these therapeutics are at present used for treatment of HIV/AIDS. In this chapter, we will summarize key concepts established for entry of avian sarcoma and leukosis virus (ASLV), a widely used model system for retroviral entry. We will then review how foamy virus and HIV, primate- and human retroviruses, enter target cells, and how the interaction of the viral and cellular factors involved in the cellular entry of these viruses impacts viral tropism, pathogenesis and approaches to therapy and vaccine development.