Phylogenetics of mud snakes (Squamata: Serpentes: Homalopsidae): A paradox of both undescribed diversity and taxonomic inflation
Phylogenetics of mud snakes (Squamata: Serpentes: Homalopsidae): A paradox of both undescribed diversity and taxonomic inflation
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DOI：
10.1016/j.ympev.2021.107109
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发表时间：
2021-03-18
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
Ruane, Sara
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bernstein, Justin M.;Murphy, John C.;Ruane, Sara
泥蛇（巨蛇：平鳍鱼科（英语：Homalopsidae）是一个有55个已被描述的科，主要是水生的，主要分布在东南亚大陆和印度-澳大利亚群岛。虽然它们一直是先前研究的焦点，但属和种之间的基本关系仍然知之甚少。我们使用了一个线粒体和核基因数据集相结合，推断其系统发育关系，使用最高水平的分类群和地理采样的任何homalopsid的hepatogeny到目前为止（62%的通用和62%的物种覆盖率; 140个人）。我们的研究结果恢复了两个单系群：无尖牙的Brachyorrhos和它的姐妹分支组成的所有后尖牙homalopsids。大多数属和种间关系是单系的，支持度很高，但属间关系和种内种群结构缺乏支持度。我们发现的证据都未描述的多样性，以及在几个物种的分类通货膨胀的情况下。树为基础的物种划界方法（mPTP）支持潜在的新候选物种不同于他们的同种，也表明，许多命名的类群可能不是不同的物种。分歧日期估计和血统，通过时间分析表明，较低水平的物种形成在始新世，随后爆发在中新世的多样化。在上新世和更新世，同足类的多样性可能最快，这可能与巽他大陆和萨胡尔大陆架发生的构造变动和海平面波动有关。我们的分析提供了新的见解homalopsid分类学，家庭的基线hepatogeny，并进一步展示动态构造和第四纪海平面变化可能塑造了一个广泛的，多样化的蛇家庭的pepeographic影响。
Mud snakes (Serpentes: Homalopsidae) are a family of 55 described, mainly aquatic, species primarily distributed throughout mainland Southeast Asia and the Indo-Australian Archipelago. Although they have been the focus of prior research, the basic relationships amongst genera and species remain poorly known. We used a combined mitochondrial and nuclear gene dataset to infer their phylogenetic relationships, using the highest levels of taxon and geographic sampling for any homalopsid phylogeny to date (62% generic and 62% species coverage; 140 individuals). Our results recover two reciprocally monophyletic groups: the fangless Brachyorrhos and its sister clade comprised of all rear-fanged homalopsids. Most genera and interspecific relationships were monophyletic and strongly supported, but intergeneric relationships and intraspecific population structure lack support. We find evidence of both undescribed diversity as well as cases of taxonomic inflation within several species. Tree-based species delimitation approaches (mPTP) support potential new candidate species as distinct from their conspecifics and also suggest that many named taxa may not be distinct species. Divergence date estimation and lineage-through-time analyses indicate lower levels of speciation in the Eocene, with a subsequent burst in diversification in the Miocene. Homalopsids may have diversified most rapidly during the Pliocene and Pleistocene, possibly in relation to tectonic shifts and sea-level fluctuations that took place in Sundaland and the Sahul Shelf. Our analyses provide new insights on homalopsid taxonomy, a baseline phylogeny for the family, and further biogeographic implications demonstrating how dynamic tectonics and Quaternary sea level changes may have shaped a widespread, diverse family of snakes.