Separating the Impact of Individual Land Surface Properties on the Terrestrial Surface Energy Budget in both the Coupled and Uncoupled Land–Atmosphere System
Separating the Impact of Individual Land Surface Properties on the Terrestrial Surface Energy Budget in both the Coupled and Uncoupled Land–Atmosphere System
复制标题
分离耦合和非耦合陆地-大气系统中各个陆地表面特性对陆地表面能量收支的影响
DOI：
10.1175/jcli-d-18-0812.1
复制
发表时间：
2018
影响因子：
4.9
通讯作者：
A. Swann
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
M. Lague;G. Bonan;A. Swann
陆地表面的变化可以在局部、区域和全球尺度上驱动大气的大响应。地表性质控制着地表能量收支中短波和长波辐射通量、感热和潜热通量以及地表储热的分配。地表能量通量的变化可以通过温度、云量和大尺度大气环流的变化跨尺度影响大气。我们测试了大气对三个陆地表面特性的全球变化的敏感性：反照率、蒸发阻力和表面粗糙度。我们表明，与允许与陆地-大气耦合相关的大气反馈的陆地-大气耦合模拟相比，使用离线陆地模型运行的模拟与使用离线陆地模型运行的模拟相比，改变这些表面性质的影响有很大不同。大气反馈在确定温度对反照率和蒸发阻力变化的响应方面起着关键作用，特别是在温带地区。在80%以上的陆地地区，地表温度对反照率变化的响应有50%以上来自大气反馈。在一些地区，响应蒸发阻力增加的云反馈导致近1k的额外地表升温。相比之下，地表温度对植被高度变化的响应幅度在离线和耦合模拟之间具有可比性。我们提高了对植被覆盖变化如何以及为何驱动大气响应的基本理解，并加深了对单个陆地表面特性在控制跨空间尺度气候中的作用的理解——这对于理解土地利用变化对地球气候的影响至关重要。
Changes in the land surface can drive large responses in the atmosphere on local, regional, and global scales. Surface properties control the partitioning of energy within the surface energy budget to fluxes of shortwave and longwave radiation, sensible and latent heat, and ground heat storage. Changes in surface energy fluxes can impact the atmosphere across scales through changes in temperature, cloud cover, and large-scale atmospheric circulation. We test the sensitivity of the atmosphere to global changes in three land surface properties: albedo, evaporative resistance, and surface roughness. We show the impact of changing these surface properties differs drastically between simulations run with an offline land model, compared to coupled land–atmosphere simulations that allow for atmospheric feedbacks associated with land–atmosphere coupling. Atmospheric feedbacks play a critical role in defining the temperature response to changes in albedo and evaporative resistance, particularly in the extratropics. More than 50% of the surface temperature response to changing albedo comes from atmospheric feedbacks in over 80% of land areas. In some regions, cloud feedbacks in response to increased evaporative resistance result in nearly 1 K of additional surface warming. In contrast, the magnitude of surface temperature responses to changes in vegetation height are comparable between offline and coupled simulations. We improve our fundamental understanding of how and why changes in vegetation cover drive responses in the atmosphere, and develop understanding of the role of individual land surface properties in controlling climate across spatial scales—critical to understanding the effects of land-use change on Earth’s climate.
影响因子：
5.2
作者：
Vargas Zeppetello, L. R.;Donohoe, A.;Battisti, D. S.
通讯作者：
Battisti, D. S.