Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-like virus in Chinese horseshoe bats
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-like virus in Chinese horseshoe bats
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.0506735102
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发表时间：
2005-09-27
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Yuen, KY
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Lau, SKP;Woo, PCY;Yuen, KY
尽管在中国活禽市场的笼养棕榈果子狸中发现了严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒（SARS- cov），为SARS疫情的起源提供了种间传播的证据，但随后的研究表明，果子狸可能只是作为SARS- cov的扩增宿主。在对香港特别行政区野生地区非笼养动物的冠状病毒监测研究中，我们利用RT-PCR方法从野生中华马蹄铁（Rhinolophus sinicus）的59份肛门拭子中的23份（39%）中鉴定出一种与SARS-CoV（蝙蝠-SARS-CoV）密切相关的冠状病毒。对不同时间采集的三种蝙蝠-SARS-CoV基因组进行测序和分析表明，蝙蝠-SARS-CoV与人类和果子狸的SARS-CoV密切相关。系统发育分析表明，蝙蝠-SARS-CoV与SARS-CoV为2b族CoV形成一个明显的聚类，与已知的2族CoV有远亲关系。在刺突基因orf3和orf8中观察到蝙蝠-SARS-CoV和SARS-CoV基因组之间的大部分差异，这些区域也是人类和果子狸SARS-CoV基因组之间观察到最多差异的区域。此外，在蝙蝠-SARS-CoV基因组的orf8中存在一个29 bp的插入，而不是在大多数人类SARS-CoV基因组中，这表明它与果子狸SARS-CoV具有共同的祖先。用酶免疫分析法在84%的中国马蹄蝠中检测到重组蝙蝠- sarscov核衣壳蛋白抗体。在病毒载量较低的蝙蝠中也检测到人类sars冠状病毒的中和抗体。在处理这些动物时应采取预防措施。
Although the finding of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) in caged palm civets from live animal markets in China has provided evidence for interspecies transmission in the genesis of the SARS epidemic, subsequent studies suggested that the civet may have served only as an amplification host for SARS-CoV. In a surveillance study for CoV in noncaged animals from the wild areas of the Hong Kong Special Administration Region, we identified a CoV closely related to SARS-CoV (bat-SARS-CoV) from 23 (39%) of 59 anal swabs of wild Chinese horseshoe bats (Rhinolophus sinicus) by using RT-PCR. Sequencing and analysis of three bat-SARS-CoV genomes from samples collected at different dates showed that bat-SARS-CoV is closely related to SARS-CoV from humans and civets. Phylogenetic analysis showed that bat-SARS-CoV formed a distinct cluster with SARS-CoV as group 2b CoV, distantly related to known group 2 CoV. Most differences between the bat-SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV genomes were observed in the spike genes, ORF 3 and ORF 8, which are the regions where most variations also were observed between human and civet SARS-CoV genomes. In addition, the presence of a 29-bp insertion in ORF 8 of bat-SARS-CoV genome, not in most human SARS-CoV genomes, suggests that it has a common ancestor with civet SARS-CoV. Antibody against recombinant bat-SARSCoV nucleocapsid protein was detected in 84% of Chinese horseshoe bats by using an enzyme immunoassay. Neutralizing antibody to human SARS-CoV also was detected in bats with lower viral loads. Precautions should be exercised in the handling of these animals.