An Exploratory Study of Air Quality Near Natural Gas Operations
An Exploratory Study of Air Quality Near Natural Gas Operations
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DOI：
10.1080/10807039.2012.749447
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发表时间：
2014-01-02
影响因子：
4.3
通讯作者：
Kwiatkowski, Carol
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Colborn, Theo;Schultz, Kim;Kwiatkowski, Carol
这项探索性研究旨在评估科罗拉多州西部农村地区住宅和气井共存的空气质量。在新天然气井场的钻井和水力压裂之前、期间和之后进行了采样。一年的每周空气采样显示，非甲烷碳氢化合物 (NMHC) 的数量及其浓度在初始钻井阶段最高，并且在该闭环系统的水力压裂期间没有增加。二氯甲烷是一种有毒溶剂，在钻井或水力压裂使用的产品中未报告，但在 73% 的情况下被检测到；高浓度多次。对 NMHC 对健康影响的文献检索显示，许多 NMHC 具有多种健康影响，其中 30 种会影响内分泌系统，内分泌系统在浓度极低（远低于政府安全标准）的情况下很容易受到化学影响。选定的多环芳烃 (PAH) 浓度高于城市研究中出生前暴露的儿童的发育和智商得分较低的浓度。鉴于天然气工业目前在人类住所和公共土地附近运营，应进一步审查作为臭氧前体的 NMHC 对人类和环境健康的影响。
This exploratory study was designed to assess air quality in a rural western Colorado area where residences and gas wells co-exist. Sampling was conducted before, during, and after drilling and hydraulic fracturing of a new natural gas well pad. Weekly air sampling for 1 year revealed that the number of non-methane hydrocarbons (NMHCs) and their concentrations were highest during the initial drilling phase and did not increase during hydraulic fracturing in this closed-loop system. Methylene chloride, a toxic solvent not reported in products used in drilling or hydraulic fracturing, was detected 73% of the time; several times in high concentrations. A literature search of the health effects of the NMHCs revealed that many had multiple health effects, including 30 that affect the endocrine system, which is susceptible to chemical impacts at very low concentrations, far less than government safety standards. Selected polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were at concentrations greater than those at which prenatally exposed children in urban studies had lower developmental and IQ scores. The human and environmental health impacts of the NMHCs, which are ozone precursors, should be examined further given that the natural gas industry is now operating in close proximity to human residences and public lands.