Changes of groundwater flow field of Luanhe River Delta under the human activities and its impact on the ecological environment in the past 30 years
Changes of groundwater flow field of Luanhe River Delta under the human activities and its impact on the ecological environment in the past 30 years
复制标题
近30年人类活动下滦河三角洲地下水流场变化及其对生态环境的影响
DOI：
10.31035/cg2021060
复制
发表时间：
2021
期刊：
影响因子：
4.5
通讯作者：
Wang Wei
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chen Sheming;Liu Futian;Zhang Zhuo;Zhang Qian;Wang Wei
滦河三角洲地处环渤海经济区中心位置，经济社会发展较快，但水资源相对匮乏。近年来，滦河三角洲地区地下水超采，导致地下水位持续下降，环境地质问题日益严重。本研究系统分析了滦河三角洲地区人口、经济和地下水开采的演变特征，总结了滦河三角洲地区地下水位变化规律。根据前期水资源评价数据和最新地下水调查结果，对滦河三角洲不同含水层地下水流态进行了分析。通过主要源汇项和地下水资源对比，揭示了1990—2020年30年来人类活动对研究区地下水资源和生态环境的影响。结果如下：洼陷锥中心浅层地下水和深层地下水年均下降率近30年滦河三角洲地下水沉降深度分别为0.4 m和1.64 m。研究区浅层和深层地下水凹陷锥面积分别为545.32 km~2和548.79 km~2,占滦河三角洲总面积的10%以上。地下水的过度开采进一步加剧了土地资源枯竭。形成了两个大规模沉降中心，最大沉降速度可达120毫米/年。地下水位下降引发了滦河三角洲地区河流零流量、水质恶化、自然湿地和水域不断萎缩等生态问题。同时，自然湿地面积占湿地总面积的比例从99%下降到8%，水域面积从99%下降到8%。 1776 km~2至263 km~2。这些成果将为地下水超采控制、地面沉降防治、平原生态恢复等提供数据，为水资源管理和国土空间规划提供服务。
The Luanhe River Delta is located in the center of the Circum-Bohai Sea Economic Zone.It enjoys rapid economic and social development while suffering relatively water scarcity.The overexploitation of groundwater in the Luanhe River Delta in recent years has caused the continuous drop of groundwater level and serious environmental and geological problems.This study seology survey ystematically analyzes the evolution characteristics of the population,economy,and groundwater exploitation in the Luanhe River Delta and summarizes the change patterns of the groundwater flow regime in different aquifers in the Luanhe River Delta according to previous water resource assessment data as well as the latest groundwater survey results.Through comparison of major source/sink terms and groundwater resources,the study reveals the impacts of human activities on the groundwater resources and ecological environment in the study area over the past 30 years from 1990 to 2020.The results are as follows.The average annual drop rate of shallow groundwater and the deep groundwater in the centers of depression cones is 0.4 m and 1.64 m,respectively in the Luanhe River Delta in the past 30 years.The depression cones of shallow and deep groundwater in the study area cover an area of 545.32 km~2 and 548.79 km~2,respectively,accounting for more than 10% of the total area of the Luanhe River Delta.Overexploitation of groundwater has further aggravated land subsidence.As a result,two large-scale subsidence centers have formed,with a maximum subsidence rate of up to 120 mm/a.The drop of groundwater level has induced some ecological problems in the Luanhe River Delta area,such as the zero flow and water quality deterioration of rivers and continuous shrinkage of natural wetlands and water.Meanwhile,the proportion of natural wetland area to the total wetland area has been decreased from 99% to 8% and the water area from 1776 km~2 to 263 km~2.These results will provide data for groundwater overexploitation control,land subsidence prevention,and ecological restoration in plains and provide services for water resources management and national land space planning.