Generic ecological impact assessments of alien species in Norway: a semi-quantitative set of criteria
Generic ecological impact assessments of alien species in Norway: a semi-quantitative set of criteria
复制标题
挪威外来物种的一般生态影响评估：一套半定量标准
DOI：
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发表时间：
2012
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
H. Roy
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
H. Sandvik;B. Sæther;Tomas Holmern;J. Tufto;S. Engen;H. Roy
介绍了挪威为对外来物种进行分类而制定的生态影响评估方案。这套基本标准使对外来物种的一般和半定量影响评估成为可能。这些标准产生的外来物种分类是可测试的、透明的，并且很容易根据新的证据或环境变化进行调整。这使最终产品具有很高的科学和政治合法性，并能够有效地确定管理工作的优先次序，同时注意预防原则。所选择的标准适用于所有物种，无论其分类位置如何。这使得评估方案可与用于对受威胁物种进行分类的红色名单标准相媲美。外来物种的影响表现在两个独立的轴上，一个衡量入侵潜力，另一个衡量生态影响。使用这种二维方法，分类捕捉到外来物种的生态影响，这是产品，而不是传播和影响的总和。入侵潜力的评估使用三个标准，包括预期的人口寿命和扩张率。生态影响的评估使用六个标准，包括与当地物种的相互作用，景观类型的变化，以及传播基因或寄生虫的可能性。对受威胁物种或景观类型的影响受到更大的重视。
The ecological impact assessment scheme that has been developed to classify alien species in Norway is presented. The underlying set of criteria enables a generic and semi-quantitative impact assessment of alien species. The criteria produce a classification of alien species that is testable, transparent and easily adjustable to novel evidence or environmental change. This gives a high scientific and political legitimacy to the end product and enables an effective prioritization of management efforts, while at the same time paying attention to the precautionary principle. The criteria chosen are applicable to all species regardless of taxonomic position. This makes the assessment scheme comparable to the Red List criteria used to classify threatened species. The impact of alien species is expressed along two independent axes, one measuring invasion potential, the other ecological effects. Using this two-dimensional approach, the categorization captures the ecological impact of alien species, which is the product rather than the sum of spread and effect. Invasion potential is assessed using three criteria, including expected population lifetime and expansion rate. Ecological effects are evaluated using six criteria, including interactions with native species, changes in landscape types, and the potential to transmit genes or parasites. Effects on threatened species or landscape types receive greater weightings.