Photoreduction of inorganic carbon(+IV) by elemental sulfur: Implications for prebiotic synthesis in terrestrial hot springs.

Photoreduction of inorganic carbon(+IV) by elemental sulfur: Implications for prebiotic synthesis in terrestrial hot springs.
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元素硫对无机碳(IV)的光还原:对陆地温泉中益生元合成的影响

DOI:
10.1126/sciadv.abc3687
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发表时间:
2020-11
期刊:
影响因子:
13.6
通讯作者:
Lu A
Lu A
中科院分区:
综合性期刊1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Li Y;Li Y;Liu Y;Wu Y;Wu J;Wang B;Ye H;Jia H;Wang X;Li L;Zhu M;Ding H;Lai Y;Wang C;Dick J;Lu A

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紫外线激发的元素硫对CO2的光还原作用可能支持陆地温泉中的益生元合成。陆地热液系统已被提议作为早期生命的替代发源地,但缺乏合理的生物分子供应方案。在这里,我们表明,元素硫(S 0),作为陆地温泉中的主要矿物,可以在低于280 nm的紫外光(UV)下将二氧化碳(CO2)还原为甲酸(HCOOH)。半导体SO被指示为具有4.4eV的直接带隙。紫外线激发的S 0产生的光电子具有−2.34 V的高负电位(相对于NHE,pH 7),这可以在接受来自电子供体(如还原硫物质)的电子后还原CO2。同时,UV光破坏硫键,有利于带电碳酸盐吸附到S 0上,并有助于它们的光还原。假设陆地温泉覆盖了原始地球表面的1%,10 μM的S 0可以在10厘米厚的透光带内产生最大109公斤/年的HCOOH,这表明它对生物前生物分子的积累有显着的贡献。
Photoreduction of CO2 by UV-excited elemental sulfur could have supported prebiotic synthesis in terrestrial hot springs. Terrestrial hydrothermal systems have been proposed as alternative birthplaces for early life but lacked reasonable scenarios for the supply of biomolecules. Here, we show that elemental sulfur (S0), as the dominant mineral in terrestrial hot springs, can reduce carbon dioxide (CO2) into formic acid (HCOOH) under ultraviolet (UV) light below 280 nm. The semiconducting S0 is indicated to have a direct bandgap of 4.4 eV. The UV-excited S0 produces photoelectrons with a highly negative potential of −2.34 V (versus NHE, pH 7), which could reduce CO2 after accepting electrons from electron donors such as reducing sulfur species. Simultaneously, UV light breaks sulfur bonds, benefiting the adsorption of charged carbonates onto S0 and assisting their photoreduction. Assuming that terrestrial hot springs covered 1% of primitive Earth’s surface, S0 at 10 μM could have produced maximal 109 kg/year HCOOH within 10-cm-thick photic zones, underlying its remarkable contributions to the accumulation of prebiotic biomolecules.
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