How do regulatory T cells work?
How do regulatory T cells work?
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1365-3083.2009.02308.x
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发表时间：
2009-10
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Corthay A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Corthay A
CD 4 + T细胞通常分为调节性T（Treg）细胞和常规T辅助（Th）细胞。Th细胞通过激活其他效应免疫细胞来控制针对病原体和癌症的适应性免疫。Treg细胞被定义为负责抑制Th细胞的潜在有害活性的CD 4 + T细胞。本文简要总结了Treg领域的现有知识，并定义了一些有待回答的关键问题。Treg细胞的建议功能包括：通过维持自身耐受性预防自身免疫性疾病;抑制过敏、哮喘和病原体诱导的免疫病理学;胎儿-母体耐受性;和口服耐受性。Treg细胞的鉴定仍然存在问题，因为越来越多的证据表明，目前使用的所有Treg标志物（CD 25、CTLA-4、GITR、LAG-3、CD 127和Foxp 3）代表一般的T细胞活化标志物，而不是真正的Treg特异性的。Treg细胞活化是抗原特异性的，这意味着Treg细胞的抑制活性是抗原依赖性的。已经提出Treg细胞将是自身反应性的，但是广泛的TCR库分析表明自身反应性可能是例外而不是规则。Treg细胞作为单独谱系的分类仍然存在争议，因为抑制的能力不是Treg细胞的独有特性。至少在某些实验环境中，归因于Treg细胞的抑制活性实际上可由常规Th细胞亚群，如Th 1、Th 2、Th 17和T滤泡（Tfh）细胞发挥。最近的报告还表明，Foxp 3 + Treg细胞可以在体内分化为传统的效应Th细胞，无论是否伴随Foxp 3的下调。
CD4+ T cells are commonly divided into regulatory T (Treg) cells and conventional T helper (Th) cells. Th cells control adaptive immunity against pathogens and cancer by activating other effector immune cells. Treg cells are defined as CD4+ T cells in charge of suppressing potentially deleterious activities of Th cells. This review briefly summarizes the current knowledge in the Treg field and defines some key questions that remain to be answered. Suggested functions for Treg cells include: prevention of autoimmune diseases by maintaining self-tolerance; suppression of allergy, asthma and pathogen-induced immunopathology; feto-maternal tolerance; and oral tolerance. Identification of Treg cells remains problematic, because accumulating evidence suggests that all the presently-used Treg markers (CD25, CTLA-4, GITR, LAG-3, CD127 and Foxp3) represent general T-cell activation markers, rather than being truly Treg-specific. Treg-cell activation is antigen-specific, which implies that suppressive activities of Treg cells are antigen-dependent. It has been proposed that Treg cells would be self-reactive, but extensive TCR repertoire analysis suggests that self-reactivity may be the exception rather than the rule. The classification of Treg cells as a separate lineage remains controversial because the ability to suppress is not an exclusive Treg property. Suppressive activities attributed to Treg cells may in reality, at least in some experimental settings, be exerted by conventional Th cell subsets, such as Th1, Th2, Th17 and T follicular (Tfh) cells. Recent reports have also demonstrated that Foxp3+ Treg cells may differentiate in vivo into conventional effector Th cells, with or without concomitant downregulation of Foxp3.
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DOI：
10.1084/jem.176.2.327
发表时间：
1992-08-01
期刊：
The Journal of experimental medicine
影响因子：
--
作者：
Baixeras E;Huard B;Miossec C;Jitsukawa S;Martin M;Hercend T;Auffray C;Triebel F;Piatier-Tonneau D
通讯作者：
Piatier-Tonneau D
影响因子：
4.4
作者：
Baecher-Allan, C;Viglietta, V;Hafler, DA
通讯作者：
Hafler, DA
DOI：
10.1164/ajrccm.162.supplement_3.15tac9
发表时间：
2000-10-01
影响因子：
24.7
作者：
Asseman, C;Fowler, S;Powrie, F
通讯作者：
Powrie, F
影响因子：
30.5
作者：
Apostolou, I;Sarukhan, A;von Boehmer, H
通讯作者：
von Boehmer, H
影响因子：
20.3
作者：
Beriou, Gaelle;Costantino, Cristina M.;Hafler, David A.
通讯作者：
Hafler, David A.