MICROGLIA IN DEGENERATIVE NEUROLOGICAL DISEASE
MICROGLIA IN DEGENERATIVE NEUROLOGICAL DISEASE
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DOI：
10.1002/glia.440070114
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发表时间：
1993-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
6.2
通讯作者：
MCGEER, EG
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
MCGEER, PL;KAWAMATA, T;MCGEER, EG
小胶质细胞表达许多白细胞表面抗原，这些抗原在阿尔茨海默病（AD）和肌萎缩侧索硬化症（ALS）等慢性退行性神经疾病中表达上调。这些表面抗原包括白细胞共同抗原、免疫球蛋白 Fc 受体、MHC I 类和 II 类糖蛋白、β2-整联蛋白和玻连蛋白受体。还发现了这些受体的配体。它们包括免疫球蛋白、经典途径的补体蛋白、细胞毒性/抑制物和辅助/诱导物类别的T淋巴细胞以及玻连蛋白。 T 淋巴细胞沿着毛细血管边缘分布，其中一些渗透到组织基质中。免疫球蛋白和补体蛋白在大脑中局部合成，但如果血脑屏障受损，它们也可能来自血液。膜攻击复合物由补体的末端成分 C5b-9 形成，已在 AD 和多发性硬化症脑组织中被发现。此外，旨在防御由膜攻击复合物引起的旁观者裂解的蛋白质，包括保护素、C8结合蛋白、凝聚素和玻连蛋白，与 AD 中受损的神经元过程相关。自毁可能在这两种疾病中发挥重要作用。
Microglia express many leukocyte surface antigens which are upregulated in such chronic degenerative neurological diseases as Alzheimer's disease (AD) and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). These surface antigens include leukocyte common antigen, immunoglobulin Fc receptors, MHC class I and class II glycoproteins, beta2-integrins, and the vitronectin receptor. Ligands for these receptors are also found. They include immunoglobulins, complement proteins of the classical pathway, T lymphocytes of the cytotoxic/suppressor and helper/inducer classes, and vitronectin. T lymphocytes marginate along capillary venules, with some penetrating into the tissue matrix. Immunoglobulins and complement proteins are synthesized locally in brain, although they may also come from the bloodstream if the blood-brain barrier is compromised. The membrane attack complex, which is formed from C5b-9, the terminal components of complement, has been identified in AD and multiple sclerosis brain tissue. In addition, proteins designed to defend against bystander lysis caused by the membrane attack complex, including protectin, C8 binding protein, clusterin, and vitronectin, are associated with damaged neuronal processes in AD. Autodestruction may play a prominent part in these 2 diseases.