Assessing Exposures from the Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill Response and Clean-up.
Assessing Exposures from the Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill Response and Clean-up.
复制标题
评估深水地平线溢油响应和清理的暴露。
DOI：
10.1093/annweh/wxab107
复制
发表时间：
2022
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Sandler,DaleP
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Stewart,Patricia;Groth,CarolineP;Huynh,TranB;GormanNg,Melanie;Pratt,GregoryC;Arnold,SusanF;Ramachandran,Gurumurthy;Banerjee,Sudipto;Cherrie,JohnW;Christenbury,Kate;Kwok,RichardK;Blair,Aaron;Engel,LawrenceS;Sandler,DaleP
墨西哥湾的这项研究正在调查深水地平线爆炸和漏油后工作对反应和清理工作的不利健康影响。这项研究的一个基本和必要的组成部分是接触评估。使用贝叶斯统计方法和对总烃(THC)、苯、乙苯、甲苯、二甲苯和正己烷(BTEX-H)的超过135 000个测量值，估计了由三个暴露决定因素组成的>；3400暴露组(EGS)对这些化学品的吸入暴露：工作/活动/任务、地点和时间。公认的确定性模型被用来估计空气中2.5微米或更小的颗粒物(PM2.5)以及分散剂气溶胶和蒸气的暴露。这些与石油有关的物质的皮肤暴露是使用从先前发表的模型中特别为这项研究修改的模型来估计的。使用专业判断评估暴露在油雾中的情况。估计每日THC算术平均值(AM)在低ppm范围(<；25ppm)，而BTEX-H暴露估计通常为<；1000ppb。一些工人经历的潜在1小时PM2.5空气浓度可能高达550微克m−3。分散剂气溶胶空气浓度非常低(最大预测1小时浓度一般为50微克m−3)，但在某些情况下，蒸汽浓度可能超过2-丁氧基乙醇的职业暴露漂移指南。皮肤暴露估计的每日AM在研究参与者中显示出很大的反差。在海湾研究中，这些估计值被用来评估暴露-反应关系。
The GuLF Study is investigating adverse health effects from work on the response and clean-up after theDeepwater Horizonexplosion and oil release. An essential and necessary component of that study was the exposure assessment. Bayesian statistical methods and over 135 000 measurements of total hydrocarbons (THC), benzene, ethylbenzene, toluene, xylene, andn-hexane (BTEX-H) were used to estimate inhalation exposures to these chemicals for >3400 exposure groups (EGs) formed from three exposure determinants: job/activity/task, location, and time period. Recognized deterministic models were used to estimate airborne exposures to particulate matter sized 2.5 µm or less (PM2.5) and dispersant aerosols and vapors. Dermal exposures were estimated for these same oil-related substances using a model modified especially for this study from a previously published model. Exposures to oil mist were assessed using professional judgment. Estimated daily THC arithmetic means (AMs) were in the low ppm range (<25 ppm), whereas BTEX-H exposures estimates were generally <1000 ppb. Potential 1-h PM2.5air concentrations experienced by some workers may have been as high as 550 µg m−3. Dispersant aerosol air concentrations were very low (maximum predicted 1-h concentrations were generally <50 µg m−3), but vapor concentrations may have exceeded occupational exposure excursion guidelines for 2-butoxyethanol under certain circumstances. The daily AMs of dermal exposure estimates showed large contrasts among the study participants. The estimates are being used to evaluate exposure–response relationships in the GuLF Study.