Shifts in patterns and consumption of beverages between 1965 and 2002
Shifts in patterns and consumption of beverages between 1965 and 2002
复制标题
DOI：
10.1038/oby.2007.326
复制
发表时间：
2007-11-01
期刊：
影响因子：
6.9
通讯作者：
Popkin, Barry M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Duffey, Kiyah J.;Popkin, Barry M.
背景：饮料模式可能在一定程度上解释了美国肥胖率上升的原因，但关于整体趋势和模式的研究却很少。我们的目的是研究美国成年人饮料消费的趋势和模式。方法：我们使用了具有全国代表性的全国食品消费调查（1965年、1977年至1978年）和全国健康与营养调查（1988年至1994年、1999年至2002年）的数据。为了检验趋势，我们确定了所有饮料的消费百分比和人均以及每个消费者的卡路里摄入量。我们使用聚类分析来确定1977年和2002年特定年份的饮料模式。结果：饮料中卡路里的比例在1965年（11.8%）、1977年（14.2%）、1988年（18.5%）和2002年（21.0%）期间显著增加；这意味着每人每天从饮料中摄入的热量增加了222卡路里，这主要是由于增加了含热量饮料的摄入量。2002年的饮料模式比1977年更为复杂，以更多种类的饮料为主，反映出酒精、苏打水和无糖饮料的增加。结论：从1965年到2002年，来自饮料的卡路里大幅增加，提供了相当大的每日卡路里来源。考虑到高热量加糖、缺乏营养的饮料的上升趋势以及整体饮料模式的转变，解决饮料摄入问题对成年人来说是一个突出的问题。
Background: Beverage patterning may play a role in partially explaining the rising rates of obesity in the United States, yet little work on overall trends and patterns exits. Our objective was to examine trends and patterns of beverage consumption among U.S. adults.Methods: We used data from the nationally representative Nationwide Food Consumption Surveys (1965, 1977 to 1978) and the National Health and Nutrition Surveys (1988 to 1994, 1999 to 2002). To examine trends we determined percent consuming and per capita and per consumer caloric intake from all beverages. We used cluster analysis to determine year-specific beverage patterns in 1977 and 2002.Results: The percentage of calories from beverages significantly increased between 1965 (11.8%), 1977 (14.2%), 1988 (18.5%), and 2002 (21.0%); this represents an overall increase of 222 calories per person per day from beverages, resulting largely from increased intake of calorically sweetened beverages. Beverage patterns in 2002 were more complex than in 1977 and were dominated by a greater number of beverages, reflecting the increase in alcohol, soda, and diet beverages.Conclusion: Calories from beverages increased substantially from 1965 to 2002, providing a considerable source of daily calories. Given the upward trends in calorically sweetened, nutrient-deficient beverages and the shifts in overall beverage patterns, addressing beverage intake is a salient issue for adults.