Facilitation and the niche: implications for coexistence, range shifts and ecosystem functioning
Facilitation and the niche: implications for coexistence, range shifts and ecosystem functioning
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DOI：
10.1111/1365-2435.12528
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发表时间：
2016-01-01
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Stachowicz, John J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bulleri, Fabio;Bruno, John F.;Stachowicz, John J.
1.通过生态位概念的透镜来观察促进作用是统一关于促进作用在社区生态学中的作用的概念和经验进展的一种方式。我们澄清概念，并通过从海洋和陆地环境的例子如何促进可以扩大物种的生态位，并考虑如何扩大这些相互作用，以了解促进在设置一个物种的地理范围的重要性。然后，我们整合生态位扩大的影响，促进到目前的概念领域，在生态学，包括气候变化，多样性的维护和多样性和生态系统功能之间的关系。由于易化作用可以影响一个物种能够持续生存的物理条件范围，因此它有可能减轻气候变化对物种分布的影响。虽然易化主要被认为是一种通过改善非生物胁迫促进多样性的相互作用，但如果易化物种的生态位因生境改善而扩大并变得不那么明显，则在由易化物种主导的区域或生境中维持多样性和促进共存的力量可能会减少（即易化对种群影响的迹象可能是物种特异性的）。最后，改变或扩大生态位可以改变多样性与生态系统功能之间的关系.基于生态位的角度来看，促进的影响，可以促进在不断变化的世界中调节物种共存，范围转移和生态系统功能的促进所发挥的作用，更大的机械理解。
1. Viewing facilitation through the lens of the niche concept is one way to unify conceptual and empirical advances about the role of facilitation in community ecology.2. We clarify conceptually and through examples from marine and terrestrial environments how facilitation can expand species' niches and consider how these interactions can be scaled up to understand the importance of facilitation in setting a species' geographic range. We then integrate the niche-broadening influence of facilitation into current conceptual areas in ecology, including climate change, diversity maintenance and the relationship between diversity and ecosystem functioning.3. Because facilitation can influence the range of physical conditions under which a species can persist, it has the potential to mitigate the effects of climate change on species distributions. Whereas facilitation has mostly been considered as a diversity-promoting interaction by ameliorating abiotic stresses, if facilitated species' niches expand and become less distinct as a result of habitat amelioration, the forces that maintain diversity and promote coexistence in regions or habitats dominated by the facilitator could be reduced (i.e. the sign of the effects of facilitation on populations could be species-specific). Finally, shifting or broadening ecological niches could alter the relationship between diversity and ecosystem functioning.4. A niche-based perspective on the effects of facilitation can foster a greater mechanistic understanding of the role played by facilitation in regulating species coexistence, range shifts and ecosystem functioning in a changing world.