Importance of rigorous implementation science studies to scale-up evidence-based interventions to end the HIV epidemic in the United States.
Importance of rigorous implementation science studies to scale-up evidence-based interventions to end the HIV epidemic in the United States.
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DOI：
10.1097/qad.0000000000002696
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发表时间：
2021-02-02
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Evens E
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Joseph Davey DL;de Villiers L;Evens E
“终结艾滋病毒流行”是一项大胆的计划，旨在通过重点推进57个艾滋病毒高负担地区的艾滋病毒预防、诊断、治疗和疫情应对科学，到2030年遏制艾滋病毒在美国的传播[1,2]。将循证干预措施和科学纳入这些社区的日常实践将需要集中努力。实施科学用于促进以证据为基础的干预措施的推广[b]，并可定义为“对方法的科学研究，以促进系统地将研究结果和其他以证据为基础的做法纳入日常做法，从而提高卫生服务的质量和有效性[b]”。实施科学不仅是了解部署哪些干预措施的关键，也是了解如何部署干预措施的关键。shanani[5]对美国早期采用实施科学进行艾滋病毒预防和治疗研究进行了首次系统审查。尽管美国国立卫生研究院（NIH）在实施科学研究上投入了十多年，但只有39项研究被确定，而且没有一项使用正式的理论框架。需要框架来记录和解释干预措施的实施如何成功或失败，以及为什么会成功；该文件增强了研究的普遍性和可复制性，对于最大限度地发挥艾滋病毒研究投资的协作影响至关重要。
‘Ending the HIV Epidemic’is a bold plan that aims to curb the spread of HIV in the United States by 2030 by focusing on advancing the science of HIV prevention, diagnosis, treatment and outbreak response in 57 HIV high-burden areas [1, 2]. The integration of evidencebased interventions and science into routine practice in these communities will require focused efforts. Implementation science is used to facilitate the spread of evidence-based interventions [3] and can be defined as ‘the scientific study of methods to promote the systematic uptake of research findings and other evidence-based practices into routine practice, and, hence, to improve the quality and effectiveness of health services [4]’. Implementation science is key to understanding not only which interventions to deploy, but also how to deploy them.Shangani [5] conducted the first systematic review of the early adoption of implementation science for HIV prevention and treatment studies in the United States. Despite over a decade of investment in implementation science research by the US National Institute of Health (NIH)[4], only identified 39 studies were identified–none of which used formal theoretical frameworks. Frameworks are necessary to document and explain how and why implementation of interventions succeeds or fails; this documentation enhances the generalizability and replicability of research and is essential to maximizing the collaborative impact of investments in HIV research [6].