Mothers Consistently Alter Their Unique Vocal Fingerprints When Communicating with Infants.
Mothers Consistently Alter Their Unique Vocal Fingerprints When Communicating with Infants.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.cub.2017.08.074
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发表时间：
2017-10-23
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Lew-Williams C
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Piazza EA;Iordan MC;Lew-Williams C
声音是我们与他人思想最直接的联系，使我们能够使用各种各样的语言线索进行交流。这种联系在生命的早期尤为重要，因为父母使用婴儿导向言语（IDS）将婴儿吸引到他们的环境结构中，IDS是一种相对于成人导向言语（ADS）具有独特音高和节奏特征的交流代码。为了开始使用语言，婴儿必须辨别出人和声音之间细微的统计差异，以便将注意力集中在最相关的信号上。在这里，我们发现了一个新的定义功能的IDS：母亲显着改变统计特性的声音音色时，他们的婴儿说话。音色，音色或声音的独特品质，是一种光谱指纹，可以帮助我们即时识别和分类声源，例如个人和乐器。我们记录了24位母亲在与婴儿和成年实验者用母语互动时的自然主义语言。一半的参与者是英语发言者，一半不是。使用支持向量机分类器，我们发现，母亲一贯改变自己的音色之间的ADS和IDS。重要的是，这种变化在不同语言中是相似的，这表明这种音色的变化可能是普遍的。这些发现对理解婴儿如何适应当地的交际环境具有理论意义。此外，我们的分类算法识别婴儿为导向的音色语音识别技术有直接的翻译影响。
The voice is the most direct link we have to others’ minds, allowing us to communicate using a rich variety of speech cues. This link is particularly critical early in life, as parents draw infants into the structure of their environment using infant-directed speech (IDS), a communicative code with unique pitch and rhythmic characteristics relative to adult-directed speech (ADS). To begin breaking into language, infants must discern subtle statistical differences about people and voices in order to direct their attention toward the most relevant signals. Here, we uncover a new defining feature of IDS: mothers significantly alter statistical properties of vocal timbre when speaking to their infants. Timbre, the tone color or unique quality of a sound, is a spectral fingerprint that helps us instantly identify and classify sound sources, such as individual people and musical instruments. We recorded 24 mothers’ naturalistic speech while they interacted with their infants and with adult experimenters in their native language. Half of the participants were English speakers, and half were not. Using a support vector machine classifier, we found that mothers consistently shifted their timbre between ADS and IDS. Importantly, this shift was similar across languages, suggesting that such alterations of timbre may be universal. These findings have theoretical implications for understanding how infants tune in to their local communicative environments. Moreover, our classification algorithm for identifying infant-directed timbre has direct translational implications for speech recognition technology.
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影响因子：
5.4
作者：
Eaves, Baxter S., Jr.;Feldman, Naomi H.;Shafto, Patrick
通讯作者：
Shafto, Patrick
影响因子：
4
作者：
GRIESER, DL;KUHL, PK
通讯作者：
KUHL, PK
影响因子：
2.1
作者：
Juergens, Rebecca;Grass, Annika;Fischer, Julia
通讯作者：
Fischer, Julia
DOI：
10.1109/tassp.1980.1163420
发表时间：
1980-01-01
期刊：
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ACOUSTICS SPEECH AND SIGNAL PROCESSING
影响因子：
--
作者：
DAVIS, SB;MERMELSTEIN, P
通讯作者：
MERMELSTEIN, P
DOI：
10.1080/03637756909375619
发表时间：
1969-01-01
期刊：
SPEECH MONOGRAPHS
影响因子：
--
作者：
BLUBAUGH, JA
通讯作者：
BLUBAUGH, JA