Respiratory mucociliary clearance in the horse in health and disease, and its pharmaceutical modification
Respiratory mucociliary clearance in the horse in health and disease, and its pharmaceutical modification
复制标题
健康和疾病状态下马的呼吸道粘膜纤毛清除及其药物修饰
DOI：
10.1136/vr.131.11.229
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发表时间：
1992
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
P. Dixon
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
P. Dixon
本文就呼吸道分泌物的结构和可能的功能作一综述。在马中，杯状细胞(产生粘液)是主要来源，但关于马呼吸道分泌物的数量或成分的信息很少。呼吸道粘液具有复杂和不完全了解的物理特性，可以通过广泛的体外和生物学技术进行部分评估。在健康和肺部疾病中，粘液结构与其被呼吸道纤毛推进之间的复杂关系被讨论。通过支气管镜观察气管内标志物，以及使用放射和放射性标志物，对马的粘液运动进行了目测评估。所有技术都显示气管粘液速度约为20毫米/分钟。已有大量的粘液动力制剂被认为具有促进粘液动力的治疗作用，使用的机制有很多。这些药物包括粘液稀释剂、表面作用剂、粘液剂、支气管壁粘液剂、纤毛增强剂和支气管扩张剂。对文献的评论表明，支气管扩张剂克伦特罗是迄今为止在马身上评估的最有效的粘液推进剂。
The structure and possible functions of respiratory secretions are reviewed. In the equine, goblet (mucus producing) cells are the main source but little information is available on the volume or composition of equine respiratory secretions. Airway mucus has complex and incompletely understood physical characteristics which can be partially assessed by a wide range of in vitro and biological techniques. The complex relationship between mucus structure and its propulsion by the airway cilia are discussed, both in health and with pulmonary disease. Mucokinesis in the horse has been assessed visually, by bronchoscopically observing intratracheal markers and also by the use of radiographic and radioactive markers. All techniques indicate a tracheal mucus velocity of approximately 20 mm/min. A large number of mucokinetic agents have been claimed therapeutically to increase mucokinesis, using a range of mechanisms. These include mucus diluents, surface acting agents, mucolytics, bronchomucotropic agents, ciliary augmentors and broncho-dilators. A critical review of the literature shows that the bronchodilator clenbuterol is the most effective mucokinetic agent assessed to date in the equine.