Distribution Patterns of West Indian Mosses
Distribution Patterns of West Indian Mosses
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西印度苔藓的分布模式
DOI：
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发表时间：
1969
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影响因子：
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通讯作者：
M. R. Crosby
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作者：
M. R. Crosby
详细分析了西印度苔藓的分布。西印度群岛是一个物种特有性相当高的地区，尽管该物种的很大一部分在美洲热带大部分地区都很常见。大安的列斯群岛与南美洲之间的关系比预期的要牢固得多。西印度的 Pilotrichum 物种的亲缘关系表明了苔藓向西印度群岛迁移的一些模式。通过大部分在过去 25 年中出现的修订，我总结了西印度群岛 230 种苔藓的分布。当然，整个西印度苔藓植物区系比这要大得多。 Crum 和 Bartram (1958) 记录了来自牙买加的 3 16 种。希望本次调查中使用的群体选择能够以相当有代表性的方式反映剩余苔藓所具有的图案类型。之所以使用修订版，是因为人们认为，一般来说，这些分类法比植物区系更好。一些著名物种的记录取自岛屿植物区系和检查清单（例如，Crum & Bartram，1958；Crum & Steere，1957；Bartram，1955）。我所依赖的数据来源是以下对属和科的处理： Fissidentaceae (Grout, 1943)； Dicranaceae（威廉姆斯，191 3a）； Leucobryaceae（Williams，1913b）；卡林佩雷斯（Reese，1961）； Orthotrichaceae (Grout, 1946)；翼龙科（Arzeni，1954）；项链科（Wagner，1951）； Hookeriaceae (Welch, 1962, 1966, 1969)，Daltonia (Bartram, 1931)；灰霉属（Crosby，1969）。为每个物种的分布制作了图表。所有主要西印度群岛、墨西哥以及中美洲和南美洲国家都记录了每种情况的发生。在某些情况下，可以仅列出“西印度群岛”、“中美洲”或“南美洲”。因此，某些特殊表格的总数可能与整个西印度群岛的总数不一致。特立尼达和多巴哥一起接受治疗并为他们保留了记录。这些最终被认为是南美洲的一部分。出于本次讨论的目的，墨西哥是中美洲的一部分。表 1 总结了西印度苔藓的分布。该物种的一小部分（约 1%）是泛热带的。例子包括 Fissidens asplenioides Hedw。和 Octoblepharum albidum Hedw。出现在西印度群岛和仅在北美洲（约 4%）的物种有两种：那些具有热带亲缘性且几乎无法到达北美的物种，例如 Calymperes nashii Williams 和 Cyclodictyon varians (Sull.) 0. Kuntze，以及那些几乎无法从北部到达热带的物种，例如 Orthotrichum anomolum Hedw。分布于西印度群岛、北美洲以及中美洲和南美洲的物种占总数的8%。这些主要是具有热带亲缘关系的物种，其范围延伸至美国东南部。 1密苏里植物园，2315 Tower Grove Avenue，圣路易斯，密苏里州 63110。密苏里机器人。嘉德。 56：409-416。 1969. 此内容于 2016 年 6 月 20 日星期一 07:26:18 UTC 从 157.55.39.78 下载 所有使用均受 http://about.jstor.org/terms 约束
Distributions of West Indian mosses are analyzed in detail. The West Indies is an area of rather high species endemism, although a large portion of the species is common throughout much of tropical America. The relationship between the Greater Antilles and South America is much stronger than expected. The relationships of the West Indian species of Pilotrichum indicate some of the patterns of migration of mosses to the West Indies. Using revisions, most of which have appeared in the last 25 years, I have summarized the distribution of 230 species of mosses which occur in the West Indies. The entire West Indian moss flora is much larger than this, of course. Crum and Bartram (1958) record 3 16 species from Jamaica. It is hoped that the selection of groups used in this survey reflects in a fairly representative fashion the kinds of patterns which the remaining mosses have. Revisions have been used because it is felt that, generally, the taxonomy is better in these than in floras. A few records for well-known species have been taken from island floras and check lists (e.g., Crum & Bartram, 1958; Crum & Steere, 1957; Bartram, 1955). The sources of data I have relied on are the following treatments of genera and families: Fissidentaceae (Grout, 1943); Dicranaceae (Williams, 191 3a); Leucobryaceae (Williams, 1913b); Calymperes (Reese, 1961); Orthotrichaceae (Grout, 1946); Pterobryaceae (Arzeni, 1954); Neckeraceae (Wagner, 1951); Hookeriaceae (Welch, 1962, 1966, 1969), Daltonia (Bartram, 1931); Pilotrichum (Crosby, 1969). A chart was made for the distribution of each species. The occurrence of each was recorded for all the major West Indian islands, Mexico, and the countries of Central and South America. In some cases it was possible to list only "West Indies," "Central America," or "South America." Thus the totals for some of the special tables may not agree with the total for the whole West Indies. Trinidad and Tobago were treated together and a record kept for them. These were eventually considered part of South America. For purposes of this discussion Mexico is part of Central America. Table 1 summarizes the distribution of West Indian mosses. A small portion (ca. 1% ) of the species are pan-tropical. Examples include Fissidens asplenioides Hedw. and Octoblepharum albidum Hedw. The species which occur in the West Indies and otherwise only in North America (ca. 4% ) are of two kinds-those which have tropical affinities and barely reach North America, e.g., Calymperes nashii Williams and Cyclodictyon varians (Sull.) 0. Kuntze, and those which barely reach the tropics from the north, e.g., Orthotrichum anomolum Hedw. The species which occur in the West Indies and North America as well as Central and South America make up 8 % of the total. These are mainly species with tropical affinities which extend their range into the southeastern United States. 1Missouri Botanical Garden, 2315 Tower Grove Avenue, St. Louis, Missouri 63110. ANN. MISSOURI BOT. GARD. 56: 409-416. 1969. This content downloaded from 157.55.39.78 on Mon, 20 Jun 2016 07:26:18 UTC All use subject to http://about.jstor.org/terms