Chronic noise stress-induced alterations of glutamate and gamma-aminobutyric acid and their metabolism in the rat brain
Chronic noise stress-induced alterations of glutamate and gamma-aminobutyric acid and their metabolism in the rat brain
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DOI：
10.4103/1463-1741.144394
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发表时间：
2014-11-01
期刊：
影响因子：
0.7
通讯作者：
Oommen, Anna
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kazi, Amajad Iqbal;Oommen, Anna
慢性压力会引起神经化学变化，包括大脑中神经递质的不平衡。噪声是引起压力的环境因素。慢性噪声应激影响中枢神经系统中的单胺神经递质系统。对其他兴奋性和抑制性神经递质系统的影响尚不清楚。目的是研究慢性噪声应激对脑内谷氨酸能和γ-氨基丁酸（GABA）能系统的作用。雌性Wistar大鼠（155 +/- 5 g）在动物护理机构附近因施工而意外暴露于噪声（75-95 db，3-4小时/天，每周5天，持续7-8周）。谷氨酸/GABA水平和他们的代谢酶在不同的大鼠脑区（皮质，海马，纹状体和小脑）进行了评价，并与年龄和性别匹配的非暴露大鼠进行比较。慢性噪声应激使皮层谷氨酸水平和转氨酶活性分别降低27%和33%，小脑谷氨酸水平和转氨酶活性分别降低15%和24%。海马谷氨酸水平增加10%，纹状体增加28%，纹状体转氨酶活性增加15%。谷氨酰胺合成酶活性在所研究的所有脑区即皮质、海马、纹状体和小脑均显著升高（P < 0.05）。噪声应激使皮层GABA水平和谷氨酸α脱羧酶活性分别增加20%和45%，海马分别增加13%和28%。纹状体中的GABA水平和谷氨酸α脱羧酶活性分别下降15%和14%。皮质（55%）、海马（17%）和小脑（33%）的GABA转氨酶活性显著降低。慢性噪声应激对大鼠脑内谷氨酸能和GABA能神经递质系统的影响不同，这可能会改变谷氨酸和GABA的神经传递。
Chronic stress induces neurochemical changes that include neurotransmitter imbalance in the brain. Noise is an environmental factor inducing stress. Chronic noise stress affects monoamine neurotransmitter systems in the central nervous system. The effect on other excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmitter systems is not known. The aim was to study the role of chronic noise stress on the glutamatergic and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)ergic systems of the brain. Female Wistar rats (155 +/- 5 g) were unintentionally exposed to noise due to construction (75-95 db, 3-4 hours/day, 5 days a week for 7-8 weeks) in the vicinity of the animal care facility. Glutamate/GABA levels and their metabolic enzymes were evaluated in different rat brain regions (cortex, hippocampus, striatum, and cerebellum) and compared with age and gender matched nonexposed rats. Chronic noise stress decreased glutamate levels and glutaminase activity 27% and 33% in the cortex, 15% and 24% in the cerebellum. Glutamate levels increased 10% in the hippocampus, 28% in striatum and glutaminase activity 15% in striatum. Glutamine synthetase activity increased significantly in all brain regions studied, that is, cortex, hippocampus, striatum, and cerebellum (P < 0.05). Noise stress-increased GABA levels and glutamate alpha decarboxylase activity 20% and 45% in the cortex, 13% and 28% in the hippocampus respectively. GABA levels and glutamate alpha decarboxylase activity decreased 15% and 14%, respectively in the striatum. GABA transaminase activity was significantly reduced in the cortex (55%), hippocampus (17%), and cerebellum (33%). Chronic noise stress differentially affected glutamatergic and GABAergic neurotransmitter systems in the rat brain, which may alter glutamate and GABA neurotransmission.