Structural analyses of a human lysyl-tRNA synthetase mutant associated with autosomal recessive nonsyndromic hearing impairment.

Structural analyses of a human lysyl-tRNA synthetase mutant associated with autosomal recessive nonsyndromic hearing impairment.
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与常染色体隐性遗传非综合征性听力障碍相关的人赖氨酰-tRNA合成酶突变体的结构分析

DOI:
10.1016/j.bbrc.2021.03.093
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发表时间:
2021-03
期刊:
Biochem Biophys Res Commun
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Fang Pengfei
Fang Pengfei
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Wu Siqi;Hei Zhoufei;Zheng Li;Zhou Jintong;Liu Zaizhou;Wang Jing;Fang Pengfei

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氨酰基-tRNA 合成酶 (AARS) 催化氨基酸与其同源 tRNA 的连接,因此在所有活细胞的蛋白质生物合成中发挥重要作用。人类的 KARS 基因编码胞浆和线粒体赖氨酰-tRNA 合成酶 (LysRS)。最近的一项研究发现了 KARS 基因 (c.517T > C) 中的错义突变,导致常染色体隐性遗传非综合征性听力损失。这种突变导致胞浆和线粒体 LysRS 蛋白中的酪氨酸被组氨酸 (YH) 取代,并将其氨酰化活性降低到不同水平。在这里,我们以 2.5 Å 的分辨率报告了 LysRS YH 突变体的晶体结构。我们发现突变并没有干扰活性中心,也没有引起蛋白质任何显着的构象变化。涉及四聚体界面和 tRNA 反密码子结合位点的环在突变型和野生型蛋白之间表现出相对较大的差异。考虑到胞质tRNAlys和线粒体tRNAlys之间的差异,我们认为该突变引发了tRNA反密码子结合区域的细微变化,并且线粒体tRNAlys中不同的D和T环进一步放大了干扰,并导致线粒体tRNAlys的氨酰化完全丧失。
Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (AARSs) catalyze the ligation of amino acids to their cognate tRNAs and therefore play an essential role in protein biosynthesis in all living cells. TheKARSgene in human encodes both cytosolic and mitochondrial lysyl-tRNA synthetase (LysRS). A recent study identified a missense mutation inKARSgene (c.517T > C) that caused autosomal recessive nonsyndromic hearing loss. This mutation led to a tyrosine to histidine (YH) substitution in both cytosolic and mitochondrial LysRS proteins, and decreased their aminoacylation activity to different levels. Here, we report the crystal structure of LysRS YH mutant at a resolution of 2.5 Å. We found that the mutation did not interfere with the active center, nor did it cause any significant conformational changes in the protein. The loops involved in tetramer interface and tRNA anticodon binding site showed relatively bigger variations between the mutant and wild type proteins. Considering the differences between the cytosolic and mitochondrial tRNAlyss, we suggest that the mutation triggered subtle changes in the tRNA anticodon binding region, and the interferences were further amplified by the different D and T loops in mitochondrial tRNAlys, and led to a complete loss of the aminoacylation of mitochondrial tRNAlys.
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