Relative Clause Sentence Comprehension by Japanese-Speaking Children With and Without Specific Language Impairment.
Relative Clause Sentence Comprehension by Japanese-Speaking Children With and Without Specific Language Impairment.
复制标题
有或没有特定语言障碍的日语儿童对关系从句句子的理解。
DOI：
10.1044/2021_jslhr-19-00054
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发表时间：
2021
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Suzuki,Makihiko
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Sasaki,Miho;Schwartz,RichardG;Hisano,Masaki;Suzuki,Makihiko
目的本研究调查了 52 名具有典型发展 (TD) 的日语儿童和 16 名具有特定语言障碍 (SLI) 的儿童对包含关系从句 (RC) 的日语句子的听觉理解。方法通过看图任务测量不同长度句子中宾语和主语关系的 RC 和主句 (MC) 理解。使用线性混合效应（逻辑）模型分析仅 RC、仅 MC 和组合理解（RC 和 MC）的准确性，以检查两个参与者组的准确性和深层间隙填充距离（结构复杂性）、表面线性距离和句子长度的影响。进行六项语言测试和两项工作记忆测试以确定语言和工作记忆状态。因素分析将它们分为两个因素，作为理解能力的预测因素进行检查。结果初始模型表明，患有 SLI 的儿童比患有 TD 的同龄人表现更差。工作记忆能力预测主语和宾语相关句子的理解，但除了句子理解的一般衡量标准之外的语言能力只是有限的预测因素。在一系列成对比较中，患有SLI的儿童对于结构复杂性较低的RC句子没有表现出理解促进作用，当间隙和填充物之间的线性距离较短时也没有表现出理解促进作用，这可能是因为他们的整体表现较低。患有 TD 的儿童在结构复杂性较高的句子上犯的错误较多，但没有表现出任何线性距离效应。两组都没有表现出名词短语或句子长度的影响。结论患有TD的日语儿童表现出深层结构复杂性增加的负面理解影响，但线性表面距离或句子名词短语长度没有表现出负面理解影响。与正常发育的同龄人相比，患有 SLI 的孩子在理解主语和宾语相关句子方面面临着挑战。他们较差的工作记忆能力是限制他们表现的主要因素。
PurposeThis study investigated the auditory comprehension of Japanese sentences including relative clauses (RCs) by 52 Japanese-speaking children with typical development (TD) and 16 children with specific language impairment (SLI).MethodA picture-pointing task measured RC and main clause (MC) comprehension for object and subject relatives in sentences with varying lengths. The accuracy of RC only, MC only, and combined comprehension (RC and MC) was analyzed with linear mixed-effects (logistic) models to examine accuracy and the effects of the deep gap–filler distance (structural complexity), the surface linear distance, and sentence length for the two participant groups. Six language tests and two working memory tests were administered to determine language and working memory status. A factor analysis grouped them into two factors that were examined as predictors of comprehension performance.ResultsInitial models indicated that children with SLI performed more poorly than their peers with TD. Working memory abilities predicted the comprehension of subject and object relative sentences, but language abilities other than a general measure of sentence comprehension were only limited predictors. In a series of pairwise comparisons, children with SLI did not exhibit comprehension facilitation for RC sentences with lower structural complexity, nor did they exhibit comprehension facilitation when the linear distance between the gap and the filler was shorter, perhaps because of their overall lower performance. Children with TD made more errors on sentences with higher structural complexity but did not exhibit any linear distance effects. Neither group exhibited effects of noun phrase or sentence length.ConclusionsJapanese-speaking children with TD exhibited negative comprehension effects of increased deep structure complexity, but not of linear surface distance or sentence noun phrase length. The children with SLI face challenges in comprehending both subject and object relative sentences compared to their typically developing peers. Their poorer working memory abilities are the primary factor that constrains their performance.