The formin FHOD1 and the small GTPase Rac1 promote vaccinia virus actin-based motility.

The formin FHOD1 and the small GTPase Rac1 promote vaccinia virus actin-based motility.
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DOI:
10.1083/jcb.201303055
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发表时间:
2013-09-30
期刊:
The Journal of cell biology
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Agaisse H
Agaisse H
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Alvarez DE;Agaisse H

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痘苗病毒基于肌动蛋白的运动依赖于N-WASP-Arp2/3和rac1-FHOD1通路的整合。痘苗病毒的传播依赖于N-WASP-Arp2/3途径,该途径介导细胞相关细胞外病毒(CEV)下肌动蛋白尾部的形成。在这里,我们发现了以前不为人知的福尔曼FHOD1和小GTPase rac1在牛痘病毒肌动蛋白尾部形成中的作用。FHOD1缺失减少了形成肌动蛋白尾巴的CEV的数量,并削弱了形成的肌动蛋白尾巴的延长率。FHOD1在肌动蛋白尾部的募集除了依赖于其FH2结构域外,还依赖于其GTPase结合结构域。与以前的研究表明FHOD1是由小的GTP酶rac1激活的一致,rac1在肌动蛋白尾部周围的膜上被丰富和激活。Rac1缺失或表达显性阴性的rac1表型复制了FHOD1缺失的效应,并削弱了FHOD1向肌动蛋白尾部的募集。FHOD1的过表达挽救了在过表达显性负值rac1的细胞中观察到的肌动蛋白尾部形成缺陷。总之,我们的结果表明,为了显示强大的基于肌动蛋白的运动性,痘苗病毒整合了N-WASP-Arp2/3和rac1-FHOD1途径的活性。
Vaccinia virus actin–based motility relies on integration of the N-WASP–ARP2/3 and Rac1–FHOD1 pathways. Vaccinia virus dissemination relies on the N-WASP–ARP2/3 pathway, which mediates actin tail formation underneath cell-associated extracellular viruses (CEVs). Here, we uncover a previously unappreciated role for the formin FHOD1 and the small GTPase Rac1 in vaccinia actin tail formation. FHOD1 depletion decreased the number of CEVs forming actin tails and impaired the elongation rate of the formed actin tails. Recruitment of FHOD1 to actin tails relied on its GTPase binding domain in addition to its FH2 domain. In agreement with previous studies showing that FHOD1 is activated by the small GTPase Rac1, Rac1 was enriched and activated at the membrane surrounding actin tails. Rac1 depletion or expression of dominant-negative Rac1 phenocopied the effects of FHOD1 depletion and impaired the recruitment of FHOD1 to actin tails. FHOD1 overexpression rescued the actin tail formation defects observed in cells overexpressing dominant-negative Rac1. Altogether, our results indicate that, to display robust actin-based motility, vaccinia virus integrates the activity of the N-WASP–ARP2/3 and Rac1–FHOD1 pathways.
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