Understanding jobs-housing imbalance in urban China: A case study of Shanghai
Understanding jobs-housing imbalance in urban China: A case study of Shanghai
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DOI：
10.5198/jtlu.2021.1805
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发表时间：
2021-03
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
Weiye Xiao;Dennis Wei;Handuo Li
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Weiye Xiao;Dennis Wei;Handuo Li
上海经历了快速的城市化和城市扩张过程，这增加了经济弱势群体的出行成本，限制了他们的就业机会。本文从街道层面（人口层面）对上海市职住失衡问题进行了研究，得出以下结论：首先，由于就业机会高度集中而居住区域不断扩张，就业失衡呈现环状格局，且主要集中在上海大都市圈的郊区和外围。其次，高房价和无序发展等结构性因素是造成职住失衡的重要原因。第三，由于产业结构的专业化和住房供应的有限性，开发区等区域规划政策加剧了职住失衡。然而，地理加权回归结果显示，由于政府政策造成的空间异质性，传统浦东地区的开发区是例外的。此外，本研究使用的多层模型表明，职住失衡地区通常有良好的街道连接，这代表了当地政府为减少职住失衡造成的过度通勤时间所做的努力。
Shanghai has experienced a rapid process of urbanization and urban expansion, which increases travel costs and limits job accessibility for the economically disadvantaged population. This paper investigates the jobs-housing imbalance problem in Shanghai at the subdistrict-level (census-level) and reaches the following conclusions. First, the jobshousing imbalance shows a ring pattern and is evident mainly in the suburban areas and periphery of the Shanghai metropolitan area because job opportunities are highly concentrated while residential areas are sprawling. Second, structural factors such as high housing prices and sprawling development significantly contribute to the jobs-housing imbalance. Third, regional planning policies such as development zones contribute to jobs-housing imbalance due to the specialized industrial structure and limited availability of housing. However, geographically weighted regression reveals the development zones in the traditional Pudong district are exceptional insofar as government policy has created spatial heterogeneity there. In addition, the multilevel model used in this study suggests regions with jobs-housing imbalance usually have well-connected streets, and this represents the local government’s efforts to reduce excessive commuting times created by jobs-housing imbalance.