Urbanization in Western China
Urbanization in Western China
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DOI：
10.1080/10042857.2013.777197
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发表时间：
2013-01-01
影响因子：
9.3
通讯作者：
Cao Huhua
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Maimaitiming, Anwaer;Zhang Xiaolei;Cao Huhua
在过去的60年里，特别是自1978年实施经济改革开放政策以来，中国经历了相当大的城市化。1949年，中国只有132个城市，城市人口2740万，而2008年中国有652个城市，城市总人口6.06亿。这种城市化归因于城市数量和城市人口的增加。城市扩张加剧了中国三大区域之间的地理不平等。与东部和中部地区相比，西部地区的城市只占城市总数的19%，城市人口只占城市人口的18%。2008年西部地区城镇化率为37.2%，东部地区为53.3%，中部地区为45.3%。本文运用地理信息系统（GIS）和统计分析方法，对中国西部地区城市化的结构和空间发展进行了分析，并揭示了过去20年来中国西部地区城市不平等的现状。本文得出以下结论：（1）2000年西部大开发战略确立以来，我国东西部城市化差距日益明显，但发展缓慢。(2)我国西部地区城市化进程中，城市规模不断扩大，影响城市化进程的主要因素是人口数量和密度、政府投资和地理条件。(3)西部地区目前的城市化模式在各省之间分布不均衡。
China has experienced considerable urbanization in the past 60 years, especially since the implementation of the Economic Reform and Opening-up Policy in 1978. In 1949, there were only 132 cities with an urban population of 27.4 million, while in 2008 China had 652 cities with a total urban population of 606 million. Such urbanization is attributed to the boost in the number of cities and the urban population. Urban expansion enhanced geographic inequality between the three major regions in China. Compared with the eastern and central regions, western China only has 19% of the total cities and 18% of the urban population. The urbanization rate was 37.2% for the western region in 2008, while it reached 53.3% for the eastern regions and 45.3% for central China. Using a geographic information system (GIS) and statistical analyses, this study aims at explaining the structure and spatial development of urbanization, and highlighting the current issues of urban inequality in western China during the past two decades. The paper drew following conclusions: (1) Urbanization disparities between eastern and western China have become increasingly obvious, but seem to be evolving slowly since the establishment of the government's Western Development Priority Policy in 2000. (2) Cities of various sizes were expanded in western China, and the main factors affecting the urbanization are population numbers and density, government investment and geographic conditions. (3) Current patterns of urbanization in the western region are distributed unevenly between provinces.