Ageism: A Review of Research and Policy Implications
Ageism: A Review of Research and Policy Implications
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1751-2409.2007.00007.x
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发表时间：
2007-12-01
影响因子：
9.4
通讯作者：
Hehman, Jessica A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bugental, Daphne Blunt;Hehman, Jessica A.
对当前有关老龄化和年龄歧视的文献进行了总结，以支持包括这些过程的生物学和心理社会组成部分的理论观点。在依赖于老龄化赤字方法的模型中发现了概念和方法上的问题。我们认为，其他人的偏见反应会促进老年人与压力相关的情绪和荷尔蒙反应，从而可能有效降低他们的社交和认知能力。这种负面反馈过程最终以维持刻板印象的方式发挥作用。社会政策和制度实践可能发生的变化可能会减少或防止年龄歧视的有害影响。举例说明了限制老年人生活（以保护为幌子）的现有政策和做法，以及新制定的政策和做法（包括国际层面的政策和做法），这些政策和做法将老年人的福利置于所有人共同的生命历程问题的背景下。
The current literature on aging and ageism is summarized in support of a theoretical perspective that includes both the biological and the psychosocial components of these processes. Conceptual and methodological problems are identified in models that rely on a deficit approach to aging. We suggest that the biased responses of others foster older adults' stress-related emotional and hormonal responses-responses that may effectively reduce their social and cognitive competence. This negative feedback process ultimately acts in a stereotype-maintaining fashion. Implications are drawn for possible changes in social policy and institutional practices that may reduce or prevent the harmful effects of ageism. Examples are given of existing policies and practices that limit the lives of older adults (in the guise of protection), along with newly instituted policies and practices (including those at an international level) that place the welfare of older adults in the context of life course issues shared by all.